EF迁移：回滚上一次应用的迁移？

本文翻译自：EF Migrations: Rollback last applied migration?

This looks like a really common task, but I can't find an easy way to do it. 这看起来是一个非常普通的任务，但是我找不到一种简单的方法。

I want to undo the last applied migration. 我想撤消上一次应用的迁移。 I would have expected a simple command, like 我本来希望有一个简单的命令，例如

PM> Update-Database -TargetMigration:"-1"

Instead, all I can come up with is: 相反，我能想到的是：

PM> Get-Migrations

Retrieving migrations that have been applied to the target database.
201208012131302_Add-SystemCategory
201207311827468_CategoryIdIsLong
201207232247409_AutomaticMigration
201207211340509_AutomaticMigration
201207200025294_InitialCreate

PM> Update-Database -TargetMigration:"CategoryIdIsLong"

(At least I can use just the name, skipping the timestamp...) （至少我可以只使用名称，跳过时间戳...）

Is there an easier way? 有更容易的方法吗？

---

#1楼

参考：https://stackoom.com/question/nwvD/EF迁移-回滚上一次应用的迁移

---

#2楼

As of EF 5.0, the approach you describe is the preferred way. 从EF 5.0开始，您描述的方法是首选方法。 One solution would be to create a wrapper PS script that automates the steps above. 一种解决方案是创建一个包装器PS脚本，以自动执行上述步骤。 Additionally, feel free to create a feature request for this, or better yet, take a shot at implementing it! 此外，随时可以为此创建功能请求，或者更好地实现它！ http://entityframework.codeplex.com/ http://entityframework.codeplex.com/

---

#3楼

I want to add some clarification to this thread: 我想对此线程添加一些说明：

Update-Database -TargetMigration:"name_of_migration"

What you are doing above is saying that you want to rollback all migrations UNTIL you're left with the migration specified. 上面的操作是要回滚所有迁移，直到剩下指定的迁移为止。 Thus, if you use GET-MIGRATIONS and you find that you have A, B, C, D, and E, then using this command will rollback E and D to get you to C: 因此，如果您使用GET-MIGRATIONS，并且发现自己拥有A，B，C，D和E，则使用此命令将回滚E和D以使您到达C：

Update-Database -TargetMigration:"C"

Also, unless anyone can comment to the contrary, I noticed that you can use an ordinal value and the short -Target switch (thus, -Target is the same as -TargetMigration). 另外，除非有人可以提出相反的意见，否则我注意到您可以使用序数值和简短的-Target开关（因此-Target与-TargetMigration相同）。 If you want to rollback all migrations and start over, you can use: 如果要回滚所有迁移并重新开始，可以使用：

Update-Database -Target:0

0, above, would rollback even the FIRST migration ( this is a destructive command--be sure you know what you're doing before you use it! )--something you cannot do if you use the syntax above that requires the name of the target migration (the name of the 0th migration doesn't exist before a migration is applied!). 上面的0甚至会回滚FIRST迁移（ 这是一个破坏性的命令-确保在使用它之前先知道自己在做什么！ ）-如果您使用上面要求名称为的语法，则无法执行此操作目标迁移（应用迁移之前，第0个迁移的名称不存在！）。 So in that case, you have to use the 0 (ordinal) value. 因此，在这种情况下，您必须使用0（常规）值。 Likewise, if you have applied migrations A, B, C, D, and E (in that order), then the ordinal 1 should refer to A, ordinal 2 should refer to B, and so on. 同样，如果您已应用迁移A，B，C，D和E（按此顺序），则序数1应该引用A，序数2应该引用B，依此类推。 So to rollback to B you could use either: 因此，要回滚到B，您可以使用以下任一方法：

Update-Database -TargetMigration:"B"

or 要么

Update-Database -TargetMigration:2

Edit October 2019: 编辑2019年10月：

According to this related answer on a similar question, correct command is -Target for EF Core 1.1 while it is -Migration for EF Core 2.0. 根据类似问题的相关答案 ，对于EF Core 1.1，正确的命令是-Target ，对于EF Core 2.0是正确的命令-Migration 。

---

#4楼

解决方案是：

Update-Database –TargetMigration 201609261919239_yourLastMigrationSucess

---

#5楼

In EntityFrameworkCore : 在EntityFrameworkCore中 ：

Update-Database 20161012160749_AddedOrderToCourse

where 20161012160749_AddedOrderToCourse is a name of migration you want to rollback to. 其中20161012160749_AddedOrderToCourse是要回滚到的迁移的名称。

---

#6楼

Additional reminder: 附加提醒：

If you have multiple configuration type, you need to specify the [ConfigurationName] 如果您有多种配置类型，则需要指定[ConfigurationName]

Update-Database -Configurationtypename [ConfigurationName] -TargetMigration [MigrationName]