默认情况下注册到eureka server的服务是通过心跳来告知自己是UP还是DOWN,并不是通过spring-boot-actuator模块的/health端点来实现的,这样其实不是很合理。
默认的心跳实现方式可以有效的检查eureka客户端进程是否正常运作,但是无法保证客户端应用能够正常提供服务。由于大多数微服务应用都会有一些其他的外部资源依赖,比如数据库,REDIS缓存等,如果我们的应用与这些外部资源无法连通的时候,实际上已经不能提供正常的对外服务了,但因为客户端心跳依然在运行,所以它还是会被服务消费者调用,而这样的调用实际上并不能获得预期的后果。
我们可以通过在eureka客户端中配置:eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true,就可以改变eureka server对客户端健康检测的方式,改用actuator的/health端点来检测。
我们在前面的ribbon consumer样例工程中添加一个自定义的HealthIndicator:
- package com.example.eurekaclientconsumerribbon.health;
- import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health;
- import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
- @Component
- public class MyHealthChecker implements HealthIndicator {
- private boolean up = true;
- @Override
- public Health health() {
- if (up) {
- return new Health.Builder().withDetail("aaa_cnt", 10) //自定义监控内容
- .withDetail("bbb_status", "up").up().build();
- } else {
- return new Health.Builder().withDetail("error", "client is down").down().build();
- }
- }
- public boolean isUp() {
- return up;
- }
- public void setUp(boolean up) {
- this.up = up;
- }
- }
里面有一个成员变量up,用来控制是否监控,下面我们会在请求中改变这个变量的值来模拟健康状态UP->DOWN
- package com.example.eurekaclientconsumerribbon.controller;
- import com.example.eurekaclientconsumerribbon.health.MyHealthChecker;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
- @RestController
- public class UpController {
- @Autowired
- MyHealthChecker myHealthChecker;
- @RequestMapping("/up")
- public String up(@RequestParam("up") Boolean up) {
- myHealthChecker.setUp(up);
- return up.toString();
- }
- }
application.yml:
- spring:
- application:
- name: eureka-client-consumer-ribbon
- management:
- security:
- enabled: false
- ---
- spring:
- profiles: peer1
- server:
- port: 8200
- eureka:
- client:
- serviceUrl:
- defaultZone: http://peer1:8001/eureka/,http://peer2:8002/eureka/
- healthcheck:
- enabled: true #使用health端点来代替心跳表明服务是否可用,反应到eureka server ui上服务的UP还是DOWN
- instance:
- hostname: peer1
- # instanceId: ${spring.application.name}:${vcap.application.instance_id:${spring.application.instance_id:${random.value}}}
- ---
- spring:
- profiles: peer2
- server:
- port: 8201
- eureka:
- client:
- serviceUrl:
- defaultZone: http://peer1:8001/eureka/,http://peer2:8002/eureka/
- instance:
- hostname: peer2
- # instanceId: ${spring.application.name}:${vcap.application.instance_id:${spring.application.instance_id:${random.value}}}
主要看配置里面设置了eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true,这个配置属性在IDEA里面不会自动提示,我一度怀疑写错了,试过确实有效的改变了检测方式。
启动类:
- package com.example.eurekaclientconsumerribbon;
- import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
- import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
- import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
- import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
- import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
- import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
- @SpringBootApplication
- @EnableEurekaClient
- @EnableCircuitBreaker
- @EnableHystrixDashboard
- public class EurekaClientConsumerRibbonApplication {
- @LoadBalanced
- @Bean
- RestTemplate restTemplate() {
- return new RestTemplate();
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientConsumerRibbonApplication.class, args);
- }
- }
pom:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
- <groupId>com.example</groupId>
- <artifactId>eureka-client-consumer-ribbon</artifactId>
- <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
- <packaging>jar</packaging>
- <name>eureka-client-consumer-ribbon</name>
- <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
- <parent>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
- <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
- <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
- </parent>
- <properties>
- <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
- <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
- <java.version>1.8</java.version>
- <spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
- </properties>
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
- <artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
- <scope>test</scope>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
- <dependencyManagement>
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
- <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
- <type>pom</type>
- <scope>import</scope>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
- </dependencyManagement>
- <build>
- <plugins>
- <plugin>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
- <executions>
- <execution>
- <goals>
- <goal>build-info</goal>
- </goals>
- </execution>
- </executions>
- </plugin>
- </plugins>
- </build>
- </project>
启动该服务将会注册到eureka server中去,此时显示的应该是UP
然后我们调用一下服务:http://localhost:8200/up?up=false,将此时查看http://localhost:8200/health,整个应用的health状态变成DOWN了:
注册中心的服务状态也将变为DOWN:
我们可以试一下把application.yml中eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true这段配置去掉重新启动服务,然后调用服务将health变为DOWN,但是注册中心中仍然会显示该服务的status为UP!