9-6 冰淇淋小店
# 创建餐馆类的实例并调用
class Restaurant():
"""一次模拟餐馆的简单尝试"""
# 添加一个名为number_served的属性,并将其默认值设置为0
def __init__(self, restaurant_name, cuisine_type):
"""初始化属性restaurant_name和cuisine_type"""
self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name
self.cuisine_type = cuisine_type
self.number_served = 0
def describe_restaurant(self):
"""打印两项信息"""
print("The restaurant's name is " + self.restaurant_name + ".")
print("The cuisine type of the restaurant is " + self.cuisine_type + ".")
def open_restaurant(self):
"""打印一条消息指出餐馆正在营业"""
print("The restaurant is open.")
def set_number_served(self, number):
"""设置就餐人数"""
self.number_served = number
def increment_number_served(self, add):
"""将就餐人数递增"""
self.number_served += add
class IceCreamStand(Restaurant):
"""继承Restaurant类"""
def __init__(self, restaurant_name, cuisine_type):
"""
初始化父类的属性,再初始化冰淇淋小店的特有属性
"""
super().__init__(restaurant_name, cuisine_type)
self.flavors = ['Basics', 'Vanilla', 'Chocolate']
def show_flavor(self):
for flavor in self.flavors:
print(flavor)
my_IceCreamStand = IceCreamStand('Cold', 'Ice Cream')
my_IceCreamStand.show_flavor()
9-7 管理员
class User():
"""用户简介"""
def __init__(self, first_name, last_name, age, agenda):
self.first_name = first_name
self.last_name = last_name
self.age = age
self.agenda = agenda
self.login_attempts = 0
def describe_user(self):
"""打印用户的信息摘要"""
print('User: ' + self.first_name + ' ' + self.last_name)
print('Age: ' + str(self.age))
print('Agenda: ' + self.agenda + '\n')
def greet_user(self):
"""向用户发出个性化的问候"""
print('Welcome ' + self.first_name.title() + '!\n')
def increment_login_attempts(self):
"""将属性login_attempts加1"""
self.login_attempts += 1
def reset_login_attempts(self):
"""将属性login_attempts的值重置为0"""
self.login_attempts = 0
class Admin(User):
def __init__(self, first_name, last_name, age, agenda):
"""继承父类的属性,初始化特权属性"""
super().__init__(first_name, last_name, age, agenda)
self.privileges = ['can add post', 'can delete post', 'can ban user']
def show_privileges(self):
"""显示管理员权限"""
for privilege in self.privileges:
print(privilege)
first_admin = Admin('Ac', 'Fun', 22, 'female')
first_admin.show_privileges()
9-8 权限
class User():
"""用户简介"""
def __init__(self, first_name, last_name, age, agenda):
self.first_name = first_name
self.last_name = last_name
self.age = age
self.agenda = agenda
self.login_attempts = 0
def describe_user(self):
"""打印用户的信息摘要"""
print('User: ' + self.first_name + ' ' + self.last_name)
print('Age: ' + str(self.age))
print('Agenda: ' + self.agenda + '\n')
def greet_user(self):
"""向用户发出个性化的问候"""
print('Welcome ' + self.first_name.title() + '!\n')
def increment_login_attempts(self):
"""将属性login_attempts加1"""
self.login_attempts += 1
def reset_login_attempts(self):
"""将属性login_attempts的值重置为0"""
self.login_attempts = 0
class Privileges():
def __init__(self, privileges = ['can add post', 'can delete post', 'can ban user']):
self.privileges = privileges
def show_privileges(self):
"""显示管理员权限"""
for privilege in self.privileges:
print(privilege)
class Admin(User):
def __init__(self, first_name, last_name, age, agenda):
"""继承父类的属性,初始化特权属性"""
super().__init__(first_name, last_name, age, agenda)
self.privileges = Privileges()
first_admin = Admin('Ac', 'Fun', 22, 'female')
first_admin.privileges.show_privileges()
在Privileges中的privileges最好设定一个默认的初始值,否则需要在Admin类中调用Privileges时赋予特定值,未赋予会出错。
9-9 电瓶升级
class Car():
"""一次模拟汽车的简单尝试"""
def __init__(self, make, model, year):
"""初始化描述汽车的属性"""
self.make = make
self.model = model
self.year = year
self.odometer_reading = 0
def get_descriptive_name(self):
"""返回整洁的描述性信息"""
long_name = str(self.year) + ' ' + self.make + ' ' + self.model
return long_name.title()
def read_odometer(self):
"""打印一条指出汽车里程的消息"""
print("This car has " + str(self.odometer_reading) + " miles on it.")
def update_odometer(self, mileage):
"""
将里程表读数设置为指定的值
禁止将里程表读数往回调
"""
if mileage >= self.odometer_reading:
self.odometer_reading = mileage
else:
print("You can't roll back an odometer!")
def increment_odometer(self, miles):
"""将里程表读数增加指定的量"""
self.odometer_reading += miles
class Battery():
"""一次模拟电动汽车电瓶的简单尝试"""
def __init__(self, battery_size=70):
"""初始化电瓶的属性"""
self.battery_size = battery_size
def describe_battery(self):
"""打印一条描述电瓶容量的消息"""
print("This car has a " + str(self.battery_size) + "-kWh battery.")
def get_range(self):
"""打印一条消息, 指出电瓶的续航里程"""
if self.battery_size == 70:
range = 240
elif self.battery_size == 85:
range = 270
message = "This car can go approximately " + str(range)
message += " miles on a full charge."
print(message)
def upgrade_battery(self):
"""检查电瓶容量,如果不是85,则设置为85"""
if self.battery_size != 85:
self.battery_size = 85
class ElectricCar(Car):
"""Represent aspects of a car, specific to electric vehicles."""
def __init__(self, make, model, year):
"""
电动汽车的独特之处
初始化父类的属性, 再初始化电动汽车特有的属性
"""
super().__init__(make, model, year)
self.battery = Battery()
# def describe_battery(self):
# """打印一条描述电瓶容量的消息"""
# print("This car has a " + str(self.battery_size) + "-kWh battery.")
# def fill_gas_tank():
# """电动汽车没有油箱"""
# print("This car doesn't need a gas tank!")
my_tesla = ElectricCar('tesla', 'model s', 2016)
my_tesla.battery.get_range()
my_tesla.battery.upgrade_battery()
my_tesla.battery.get_range()
注意调用类中的类时,用两次句点表示法,先访问属性,再访问类中的方法。