ES索引添加新字段

当Es索引因需求需要添加字段时，有三种方案

1. 通过删除旧索引，新建新索引来解决，但是这种方案需要全量跑数据，且平台会出现短暂不可用，不建议使用
2. 新创建一个临时索引，然后把旧索引数据导入后，再把新索引别名命名为旧索引，但这种方式，索引别名让虽然不影响使用，但是很难受
3. 直接通过命令来实现

修改es索引，推荐使用kibana操作

第一步：查询索引结构

GET news/_mapping

第二步：查看索引是否允许被修改

GET news/_settings

结果：

{
  "news": {
    "settings": {
      "index": {
        "number_of_shards": "5",
        "blocks": {
          "read_only_allow_delete": "true"
        },
        "provided_name": "news",
        "creation_date": "1605592385832",
        "number_of_replicas": "1",
        "uuid": "mbjw8PTFR9qS5VWW7qqjXQ",
        "version": {
          "created": "6030299"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

查看结果中的 read_only_allow_delete是否为true,为true时即可修改，如果为false时，说明索引时只读状态，添加时会出现如下错误：

{
    "error": {
        "root_cause": [
            {
                "type": "cluster_block_exception",
                "reason": "index [blog1] blocked by: [FORBIDDEN/12/index read-only / allow delete (api)];"
            }
        ],
        "type": "cluster_block_exception",
        "reason": "index [blog1] blocked by: [FORBIDDEN/12/index read-only / allow delete (api)];"
    },
    "status": 403
}

需要我们执行以下命令:

PUT news/_settings
{
"index.blocks.read_only_allow_delete": null
}

第三步：添加新字段

GET news/_mapping/main
{
  	"main": {
		"properties":{
			"isExhibition": {
          	"type": "integer"
          },
        	"groupNo": {
            "type": "keyword"
          },
        	"groupName": {
           	"type": "keyword"
          }
		}
	}
}

注意，news为索引名，main为索引体，需要和GET查询出来的结果对应上，否则会报错

{
  "error": {
    "root_cause": [
      {
        "type": "illegal_argument_exception",
        "reason": "Rejecting mapping update to [news] as the final mapping would have more than 1 type: [main, type]"
      }
    ],
    "type": "illegal_argument_exception",
    "reason": "Rejecting mapping update to [news] as the final mapping would have more than 1 type: [main, type]"
  },
  "status": 400