Matlab学习小课堂总结(Summary of MATLAB Onramp)
学习完成Matlab基础之后来一篇小的基础总结很是必要, 一些基础的小例子可以帮助很好的理解(一例胜千言)
Basic syntax
Example | Description |
---|
x = pi | Create variables with the equal sign (=). The left-side(x) is the variable name containing the value on the right-side(pi) |
y = sin(-5) | You can provide inputs to a function using parantheses. |
Desktop management
Function | Example | Description |
---|
save | save data.mat | Save your current workspace to a MAT-file. |
load | load data.mat | Load the variables in a MAT-file to the Workspace. |
clear | clear | Clear all variables from the Workspace. |
clc | clc | Clear all text from the Command Window. |
format | format long | Change how numeric output is displayed. |
Array types
Example | Description |
---|
4 | scalar |
[3 5] | row vector |
[1;3] | column vector |
[ 3 4 5;6 7 8] | matrix |
Evenly-spaced vectors
Example | Description |
---|
1:4 | Create a vector from 1 to 4, spaced by 1, using the colon( : ) operator. |
1:0.5:4 | Create a vector from 1 to 4, spaced by 0.5. |
linspace(1,10,5) | Create a vector with 5 elements. The values are evenly spaced from 1 to 10. |
Creating matrices
Example | Description |
---|
rand(2) | Create a square matrix with 2 rows and 2 columns. |
zeros(2,3) | Create a rectangular matrix with 2 rows and 3 columns. |
Indexing
Example | Description |
---|
A(end, 2) | Access the element in the second column of the last row. |
A(2, : ) | Access the entire second row. |
A(1:3, : ) | Access all columns of the first three rows. |
A(2) = 11 | Change the value of the second element an array to 11. |
Array operations
Example | Descriptions |
---|
[1 1; 1 1]*[2 2;2 2] --> ans =
4
4
4
4
\begin{matrix} 4& 4 \\ 4& 4 \\ \end{matrix}
4444 | Perform matrix multiplication |
[1 1; 1 1].*[2 2;2 2] --> ans =
2
2
2
2
\begin{matrix} 2& 2 \\ 2& 2 \\ \end{matrix}
2222 | Perform element-wise multiplication. |
Multiple outputs
Example | Descriptions |
---|
[xrow, xcol] = size(x) | Save the number of rows and columns in x to two different variables. |
[xMax, idx] = max(x) | Calculate the maximum value of x and its corresponding index value. |
Documentation
Example | Description |
---|
doc randi | Open the documentation page for the randi function |
Plotting
Example | Description |
---|
plot(x, y, “ro-”, “LineWidth”, 5) | Plot a red ® dashed (–) line with a circle (o) marker, with a heavy line width. |
hold on | Add the next line to existing plot. |
hold off | Create a new axes for the next plotted line. |
title(“My Title”) | Add a lable to a plot. |
Using tables
Example | Description |
---|
data.HeightYards | Extract the variable HeightYards from the table data. |
data.HeightMetters = data.HeightYards*0.9144 | Derive a table veriable from existing data |
Logicals
Example | Description |
---|
[5 10 15] > 12 | Compare a vector to the value 12. |
v1(v1 > 6) | Extract all elements in v1 that are greater than 6. |
x(x=999) = 1 | Replace all values in x that are equal to 999 with the value 1. |
Programming
Example | Description |
---|
if x > 0.5 y=3 else y=4 end | if x is greater than 0.5, set the value of y to 3. Otherwise, set the value of y to 4. |
for c = 1:3 disp© end | The loop counter( c ) progresses through the values 1:3 (1, 2, and 3). The loop body displays each value of c. |
翻译自MATLAB Onramp [这儿][1].
[1]:https://matlabacademy.mathworks.com/R2020a/portal.html?course=gettingstarted#chapter=15&lesson=1§ion=1