个人笔记：Web.xml的基本介绍（最基本的项目，不是指所有项目都这么配置）

web.xml文件必须放在WebContent目录下的指定位置。而且这个名字是不能更改的。
Web.xml里的现象，
,不一定非要跟mapping，只是一种现象。

  	<!-- 中文乱码处理 -->
  	<filter>
  		<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
  		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  	
  		<init-param>
  			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
  			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  		</init-param>
  		<init-param>
  			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
  			<param-value>true</param-value>
  		</init-param>
  	</filter>

一个中文乱码处理的过滤器，后面紧跟着的是

  	<filter-mapping>
  		<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
  		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  	</filter-mapping>

理解为：所有的请求都过滤成为UTF-8格式

这个代码可有可无。。

	<filter>
  		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
  		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
  	</filter>
  	
  	<filter-mapping>
  		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
  		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  	</filter-mapping>

接下来是Spring配置问价的信息。

  	<!-- Spring配置文件信息 -->
  	<context-param>
  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  		<param-value>classpath:config/spring/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  	</context-param>
  	<!-- ContextLoaderListener监听器 -->
  	<listener>
  		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  	</listener>
  	

作用是告诉web.xml，我这有一个好兄弟，名字叫做“contextConfigLocation”，地址在src下的config/spring/applicationContext.xml，以后有啥事你就找他。
监听器就监听contextConfigLocation，监听器用于监听Web应用中某些对象的创建、销毁、增加，修改，删除等动作的发生，然后作出相应的响应处理。

关于日志配置：也是给web.xml介绍一朋友，还有家庭地址

	<!-- 日志配置 -->
	  <context-param>
	   <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
	   <param-value>classpath:config/log4j.properties</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<listener>
	   <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

关于前端控制器：
load-on-startup 的值是1就可以了

	<!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:config/springmvc/springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

下面是关于页面的跳转，看看就懂了。
404错误：服务器找不到请求的网页
500错误：服务器内部的错误

<error-page>
		<error-code>404</error-code>
		<location>/WEB-INF/errors/404.jsp</location>
	</error-page>

	<error-page>
		<error-code>500</error-code>
		<location>/WEB-INF/errors/500.jsp</location>
	</error-page>
  
	  <welcome-file-list>
	    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
	  </welcome-file-list>

最后是所有的源码：仅供 个人学习使用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  
  	<!-- 中文乱码处理 -->
  	<filter>
  		<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
  		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  	
  		<init-param>
  			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
  			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  		</init-param>
  		<init-param>
  			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
  			<param-value>true</param-value>
  		</init-param>
  	</filter>
  	
  	<filter-mapping>
  		<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
  		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  	</filter-mapping>
  	
  	<filter>
  		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
  		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
  	</filter>
  	
  	<filter-mapping>
  		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
  		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  	</filter-mapping>
  
  	<!-- Spring配置文件信息 -->
  	<context-param>
  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  		<param-value>classpath:config/spring/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  	</context-param>
  	<!-- ContextLoaderListener监听器 -->
  	<listener>
  		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  	</listener>
  	<!-- 日志配置 -->
	  <context-param>
	   <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
	   <param-value>classpath:config/log4j.properties</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<listener>
	   <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
  
  	<!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:config/springmvc/springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	<error-page>
		<error-code>404</error-code>
		<location>/WEB-INF/errors/404.jsp</location>
	</error-page>

	<error-page>
		<error-code>500</error-code>
		<location>/WEB-INF/errors/500.jsp</location>
	</error-page>
  
	  <welcome-file-list>
	    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
	  </welcome-file-list>
  
</web-app>