一、实践内容
用java语言在hbase数据库中创建表,并完成增删改查等基本操作。
二、实践代码
(1)创建表
public static void createTable(String tableName, String... columnFamily)
throws MasterNotRunningException, ZooKeeperConnectionException, IOException {
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
// 判断表是否存在
if (isTableExist(tableName)) {
System.out.println("表" + tableName + "已存在");
} else {
// 创建表属性对象,表名需要转字节
HTableDescriptor descriptor = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
// 创建多个列族
for (String cf : columnFamily) {
descriptor.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(cf));
}
// 根据对表的配置,创建表
admin.createTable(descriptor);
System.out.println("表" + tableName + "创建成功!");
}
}
(2)删除表
public static void dropTable(String tableName)
throws MasterNotRunningException, ZooKeeperConnectionException, IOException {
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
if (isTableExist(tableName)) {
admin.disableTable(tableName);
admin.deleteTable(tableName);
System.out.println("表" + tableName + "删除成功!");
} else {
System.out.println("表" + tableName + "不存在!");
}
}
(3)向表中插入数据
public static void addRowData(String tableName, String rowKey, String columnFamily, String column, String value)
throws IOException {
// 创建 HTable 对象
HTable hTable = new HTable(conf, tableName);
// 向表中插入数据
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
// 向 Put 对象中组装数据
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(columnFamily), Bytes.toBytes(column), Bytes.toBytes(value));
hTable.put(put);
hTable.close();
System.out.println("插入数据成功");
}
(4)查看表中所有的数据
public static void getAllRows(String tableName) throws IOException {
HTable hTable = new HTable(conf, tableName);
// 得到用于扫描 region 的对象
Scan scan = new Scan();
// 使用 HTable 得到 resultcanner 实现类的对象
ResultScanner resultScanner = hTable.getScanner(scan);
for (Result result : resultScanner) {
Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
for (Cell cell : cells) {
// 得到 rowkey, 得到列族
System.out.println("行键:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell))+" "+"列族" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+" "+"列:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+" "+"值:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
}
}
}
(5)得到某一行所有数据
public static void getRow(String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException {
HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
// get.setMaxVersions();显示所有版本
// get.setTimeStamp();显示指定时间戳的版本
Result result = table.get(get);
for (Cell cell : result.rawCells()) {
System.out.println("行键:" + Bytes.toString(result.getRow())+" "+"列族" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+" "+"列:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+" "+"值:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell))+" "+"时间戳:" + cell.getTimestamp());
}
}
(6)删除多行数据
public static void deleteMultiRow(String tableName, String... rows) throws IOException {
HTable hTable = new HTable(conf, tableName);
List<Delete> deleteList = new ArrayList<Delete>();
for (String row : rows) {
Delete delete = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(row));
deleteList.add(delete);
}
hTable.delete(deleteList);
hTable.close();
}
(7)获取某一行指定“列族:列”的数据
public static void getRowQualifier(String tableName, String rowKey, String family, String
qualifier) throws IOException{
HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(qualifier));
Result result = table.get(get);
for(Cell cell : result.rawCells()){
System.out.println("行键:" + Bytes.toString(result.getRow())+" "+"列族" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+" "+"列:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+" "+"值:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
}
}
(8)主函数
public static void main(String[] args) throws MasterNotRunningException, ZooKeeperConnectionException, IOException {
createTable("Teacher", "information","score");
dropTable("worker");
addRowData("Teacher", "Jerry", "information", "age", "87");
getAllRows("student");
getRow("student", "Tom");
getRowQualifier("student", "Jerry", "score", "art");
deleteMultiRow("student", "Tom");
}
三、实践结果
完整代码:
package Student;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.MasterNotRunningException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ZooKeeperConnectionException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
public class Student{
public static Configuration conf;
static {
// 使用 HBaseConfiguration 的单例方法实例化
conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
}
// 判断表是否存在
public static boolean isTableExist(String tableName) throws IOException {
// 在 HBase 中管理、访问表需要先创建 HBaseAdmin 对象
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();
return admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
}
// 创建表
public static void createTable(String tableName, String... columnFamily)
throws MasterNotRunningException, ZooKeeperConnectionException, IOException {
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
// 判断表是否存在
if (isTableExist(tableName)) {
System.out.println("表" + tableName + "已存在");
} else {
// 创建表属性对象,表名需要转字节
HTableDescriptor descriptor = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
// 创建多个列族
for (String cf : columnFamily) {
descriptor.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(cf));
}
// 根据对表的配置,创建表
admin.createTable(descriptor);
System.out.println("表" + tableName + "创建成功!");
}
}
// 删除表
public static void dropTable(String tableName)
throws MasterNotRunningException, ZooKeeperConnectionException, IOException {
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
if (isTableExist(tableName)) {
admin.disableTable(tableName);
admin.deleteTable(tableName);
System.out.println("表" + tableName + "删除成功!");
} else {
System.out.println("表" + tableName + "不存在!");
}
}
// 向表中插入数据
public static void addRowData(String tableName, String rowKey, String columnFamily, String column, String value)
throws IOException {
// 创建 HTable 对象
HTable hTable = new HTable(conf, tableName);
// 向表中插入数据
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
// 向 Put 对象中组装数据
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(columnFamily), Bytes.toBytes(column), Bytes.toBytes(value));
hTable.put(put);
hTable.close();
System.out.println("插入数据成功");
}
// 得到所有数据
public static void getAllRows(String tableName) throws IOException {
HTable hTable = new HTable(conf, tableName);
// 得到用于扫描 region 的对象
Scan scan = new Scan();
// 使用 HTable 得到 resultcanner 实现类的对象
ResultScanner resultScanner = hTable.getScanner(scan);
for (Result result : resultScanner) {
Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
for (Cell cell : cells) {
// 得到 rowkey
//System.out.println("行键:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)));
// 得到列族
System.out.println("行键:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell))+" "+"列族" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+" "+"列:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+" "+"值:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
//System.out.println("列:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)));
//System.out.println("值:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
}
}
}
// 得到某一行所有数据
public static void getRow(String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException {
HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
// get.setMaxVersions();显示所有版本
// get.setTimeStamp();显示指定时间戳的版本
Result result = table.get(get);
for (Cell cell : result.rawCells()) {
System.out.println("行键:" + Bytes.toString(result.getRow())+" "+"列族" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+" "+"列:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+" "+"值:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell))+" "+"时间戳:" + cell.getTimestamp());
//System.out.println("列族" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)));
//System.out.println("列:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)));
//System.out.println("值:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
//System.out.println("时间戳:" + cell.getTimestamp());
}
}
// 删除多行数据
public static void deleteMultiRow(String tableName, String... rows) throws IOException {
HTable hTable = new HTable(conf, tableName);
List<Delete> deleteList = new ArrayList<Delete>();
for (String row : rows) {
Delete delete = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(row));
deleteList.add(delete);
}
hTable.delete(deleteList);
hTable.close();
}
//获取某一行指定“列族:列”的数据
public static void getRowQualifier(String tableName, String rowKey, String family, String
qualifier) throws IOException{
HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(qualifier));
Result result = table.get(get);
for(Cell cell : result.rawCells()){
System.out.println("行键:" + Bytes.toString(result.getRow())+" "+"列族" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+" "+"列:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+" "+"值:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
//System.out.println("列族" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)));
//System.out.println("列:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)));
//System.out.println("值:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws MasterNotRunningException, ZooKeeperConnectionException, IOException {
createTable("hehe3", "cf1","cf2");
dropTable("hehe2");
addRowData("hehe3", "1001", "cf1", "sex", "man");
getAllRows("student");
getRow("student", "Tom");
getRowQualifier("scores", "Jerry", "course", "art");
deleteMultiRow("scores", "Tom");
}
}