沙皮狗丁编码方法

这是一个突如其来的拍脑袋的想法，源于这两天看CodeIgniter源代码的时候那个又长又臭的配置文件，相信经常用开源软件的朋友都见识过他们的配置文件，常常都是几百上千行的(apache的httpd.conf就有差不多1000行)，而实际起作用的，却只不过是十几行。于是一个拍脑袋的想法就出来了：为什么不把这些有用的东西集中在一起呢？终于成文为：沙皮狗丁编码方法。他只是一个半成品，很多东西正在考虑中，希望大家走过路过不要错过，给俺提些建议。
1 名称
英文：XpCoding
中文：沙皮狗丁
全称：ExtremeProgramming of Coding(代码的极限编程风格)
如果你对这个名称很不爽，那很报歉，最近和新闻人走得近，形成了标题党的风格：内格可以一般，标题一定要威风。
2 使用理由
1) 打开代码，就能给你最关键的信息，让你感觉很爽，同时让你最快定位到你要的信息上。而且代码很整洁。这对写配置文件类的代码很有用的。
2) 注释像文档一样整齐，拷出来就可以交给用户，因为我们都写到后面去了。
3) 很方便你统计你的代码量和注释量。
4) 如果设计良好，并且可以用简单的软件来把他们还原到常规状态。(比如设计像定位模板一样的东西)
5) 很符合国内开发一种恶习：先写代码后补注释(一般让小弟补)
6) 符合国内开发的另一种恶习：如果非得给后面的接着开发的公司代码，那就尽量给他们添麻烦(你可以方便地把后面的注释删除)
3 约定规则
1) 文件注释块和代码块分离，注释块放在代码块的后面，代码块和注释块之间有一个唯一标识符来标记。便于用Ctrl+F来查找相应的注释。
2) 代码块的注释不超过一行，用单行注释进行注释，如使用//而不是/* */.
3) 代码尽量紧凑，长注释都放到注释块里去
4) 文件修改信息放在代码块后面，注释块的最前端。
4 例子
这是CodeIgniter的Config.php:

<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Base Site URL
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| URL to your CodeIgniter root. Typically this will be your base URL,
| WITH a trailing slash:
|
|	http://example.com/
|
*/
$config['base_url']	= "http://127.1/code";

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Index File
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Typically this will be your index.php file, unless you've renamed it to
| something else. If you are using mod_rewrite to remove the page set this
| variable so that it is blank.
|
*/
$config['index_page'] = "index.php";

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| URI PROTOCOL
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This item determines which server global should be used to retrieve the
| URI string.  The default setting of "AUTO" works for most servers.
| If your links do not seem to work, try one of the other delicious flavors:
|
| 'AUTO'			Default - auto detects
| 'PATH_INFO'		Uses the PATH_INFO
| 'QUERY_STRING'	Uses the QUERY_STRING
| 'REQUEST_URI'		Uses the REQUEST_URI
| 'ORIG_PATH_INFO'	Uses the ORIG_PATH_INFO
|
*/
$config['uri_protocol']	= "AUTO";

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| URL suffix
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This option allows you to add a suffix to all URLs generated by CodeIgniter.
| For more information please see the user guide:
|
| http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/urls.html
*/

$config['url_suffix'] = "";

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Default Language
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This determines which set of language files should be used. Make sure
| there is an available translation if you intend to use something other
| than english.
|
*/
$config['language']	= "zh_CN";

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Default Character Set
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This determines which character set is used by default in various methods
| that require a character set to be provided.
|
*/
$config['charset'] = "UTF-8";

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Enable/Disable System Hooks
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| If you would like to use the "hooks" feature you must enable it by
| setting this variable to TRUE (boolean).  See the user guide for details.
|
*/
$config['enable_hooks'] = FALSE;


/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Class Extension Prefix
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This item allows you to set the filename/classname prefix when extending
| native libraries.  For more information please see the user guide:
|
| http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/core_classes.html
| http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/creating_libraries.html
|
*/
$config['subclass_prefix'] = 'MY_';


/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Allowed URL Characters
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This lets you specify with a regular expression which characters are permitted
| within your URLs.  When someone tries to submit a URL with disallowed
| characters they will get a warning message.
|
| As a security measure you are STRONGLY encouraged to restrict URLs to
| as few characters as possible.  By default only these are allowed: a-z 0-9~%.:_-
|
| Leave blank to allow all characters -- but only if you are insane.
|
| DO NOT CHANGE THIS UNLESS YOU FULLY UNDERSTAND THE REPERCUSSIONS!!
|
*/
$config['permitted_uri_chars'] = 'a-z 0-9~%.:_\-';


/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Enable Query Strings
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| By default CodeIgniter uses search-engine friendly segment based URLs:
| example.com/who/what/where/
|
| You can optionally enable standard query string based URLs:
| example.com?who=me&what=something&where=here
|
| Options are: TRUE or FALSE (boolean)
|
| The other items let you set the query string "words" that will
| invoke your controllers and its functions:
| example.com/index.php?c=controller&m=function
|
| Please note that some of the helpers won't work as expected when
| this feature is enabled, since CodeIgniter is designed primarily to
| use segment based URLs.
|
*/
$config['enable_query_strings'] = FALSE;
$config['controller_trigger'] 	= 'c';
$config['function_trigger'] 	= 'm';
$config['directory_trigger'] 	= 'd'; // experimental not currently in use

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Error Logging Threshold
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| If you have enabled error logging, you can set an error threshold to 
| determine what gets logged. Threshold options are:
| You can enable error logging by setting a threshold over zero. The
| threshold determines what gets logged. Threshold options are:
|
|	0 = Disables logging, Error logging TURNED OFF
|	1 = Error Messages (including PHP errors)
|	2 = Debug Messages
|	3 = Informational Messages
|	4 = All Messages
|
| For a live site you'll usually only enable Errors (1) to be logged otherwise
| your log files will fill up very fast.
|
*/
$config['log_threshold'] = 0;

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Error Logging Directory Path
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Leave this BLANK unless you would like to set something other than the default
| system/logs/ folder.  Use a full server path with trailing slash.
|
*/
$config['log_path'] = '';

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Date Format for Logs
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Each item that is logged has an associated date. You can use PHP date
| codes to set your own date formatting
|
*/
$config['log_date_format'] = 'Y-m-d H:i:s';

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Cache Directory Path
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Leave this BLANK unless you would like to set something other than the default
| system/cache/ folder.  Use a full server path with trailing slash.
|
*/
$config['cache_path'] = '';

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Encryption Key
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| If you use the Encryption class or the Sessions class with encryption
| enabled you MUST set an encryption key.  See the user guide for info.
|
*/
$config['encryption_key'] = "";

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Session Variables
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| 'session_cookie_name' = the name you want for the cookie
| 'encrypt_sess_cookie' = TRUE/FALSE (boolean).  Whether to encrypt the cookie
| 'session_expiration'  = the number of SECONDS you want the session to last.
|  by default sessions last 7200 seconds (two hours).  Set to zero for no expiration.
| 'time_to_update'		= how many seconds between CI refreshing Session Information
|
*/
$config['sess_cookie_name']		= 'ci_session';
$config['sess_expiration']		= 7200;
$config['sess_encrypt_cookie']	= FALSE;
$config['sess_use_database']	= FALSE;
$config['sess_table_name']		= 'ci_sessions';
$config['sess_match_ip']		= FALSE;
$config['sess_match_useragent']	= TRUE;
$config['sess_time_to_update'] 	= 300;

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Cookie Related Variables
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| 'cookie_prefix' = Set a prefix if you need to avoid collisions
| 'cookie_domain' = Set to .your-domain.com for site-wide cookies
| 'cookie_path'   =  Typically will be a forward slash
|
*/
$config['cookie_prefix']	= "";
$config['cookie_domain']	= "";
$config['cookie_path']		= "/";

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Global XSS Filtering
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Determines whether the XSS filter is always active when GET, POST or
| COOKIE data is encountered
|
*/
$config['global_xss_filtering'] = FALSE;

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Output Compression
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Enables Gzip output compression for faster page loads.  When enabled,
| the output class will test whether your server supports Gzip.
| Even if it does, however, not all browsers support compression
| so enable only if you are reasonably sure your visitors can handle it.
|
| VERY IMPORTANT:  If you are getting a blank page when compression is enabled it
| means you are prematurely outputting something to your browser. It could
| even be a line of whitespace at the end of one of your scripts.  For
| compression to work, nothing can be sent before the output buffer is called
| by the output class.  Do not "echo" any values with compression enabled.
|
*/
$config['compress_output'] = FALSE;

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Master Time Reference
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Options are "local" or "gmt".  This pref tells the system whether to use
| your server's local time as the master "now" reference, or convert it to
| GMT.  See the "date helper" page of the user guide for information
| regarding date handling.
|
*/
$config['time_reference'] = 'local';


/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Rewrite PHP Short Tags
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| If your PHP installation does not have short tag support enabled CI
| can rewrite the tags on-the-fly, enabling you to utilize that syntax
| in your view files.  Options are TRUE or FALSE (boolean)
|
*/
$config['rewrite_short_tags'] = FALSE;


/* End of file config.php */
/* Location: ./system/application/config/config.php */

这里是我试着修改过的：

<?php  
if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');

$config['base_url']	= "http://127.1/code";
$config['index_page'] = "index.php";
$config['uri_protocol']	= "AUTO";
$config['url_suffix'] = "";
$config['language']	= "zh_CN";
$config['charset'] = "UTF-8";
$config['enable_hooks'] = FALSE;
$config['subclass_prefix'] = 'MY_';
$config['permitted_uri_chars'] = 'a-z 0-9~%.:_\-';
$config['enable_query_strings'] = FALSE;
$config['controller_trigger'] 	= 'c';
$config['function_trigger'] 	= 'm';
$config['directory_trigger'] 	= 'd'; // experimental not currently in use
$config['log_threshold'] = 0;
$config['log_path'] = '';
$config['log_date_format'] = 'Y-m-d H:i:s';
$config['cache_path'] = '';
$config['encryption_key'] = "";
$config['sess_cookie_name']		= 'ci_session';
$config['sess_expiration']		= 7200;
$config['sess_encrypt_cookie']	= FALSE;
$config['sess_use_database']	= FALSE;
$config['sess_table_name']		= 'ci_sessions';
$config['sess_match_ip']		= FALSE;
$config['sess_match_useragent']	= TRUE;
$config['sess_time_to_update'] 	= 300;
$config['cookie_prefix']	= "";
$config['cookie_domain']	= "";
$config['cookie_path']		= "/";
$config['global_xss_filtering'] = FALSE;
$config['compress_output'] = FALSE;
$config['time_reference'] = 'local';
$config['rewrite_short_tags'] = FALSE;
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #base_url: Base Site URL
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| URL to your CodeIgniter root. Typically this will be your base URL,
| WITH a trailing slash:
|
|	http://example.com/
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #index_page: Index File
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Typically this will be your index.php file, unless you've renamed it to
| something else. If you are using mod_rewrite to remove the page set this
| variable so that it is blank.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #uri_protocol: URI PROTOCOL
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This item determines which server global should be used to retrieve the
| URI string.  The default setting of "AUTO" works for most servers.
| If your links do not seem to work, try one of the other delicious flavors:
|
| 'AUTO'			Default - auto detects
| 'PATH_INFO'		Uses the PATH_INFO
| 'QUERY_STRING'	Uses the QUERY_STRING
| 'REQUEST_URI'		Uses the REQUEST_URI
| 'ORIG_PATH_INFO'	Uses the ORIG_PATH_INFO
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #url_suffix: URL suffix
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This option allows you to add a suffix to all URLs generated by CodeIgniter.
| For more information please see the user guide:
|
| http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/urls.html
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #language: Default Language
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This determines which set of language files should be used. Make sure
| there is an available translation if you intend to use something other
| than english.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #charset: Default Character Set
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This determines which character set is used by default in various methods
| that require a character set to be provided.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #enable_hooks: Enable/Disable System Hooks
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| If you would like to use the "hooks" feature you must enable it by
| setting this variable to TRUE (boolean).  See the user guide for details.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #subclass_prefix: Class Extension Prefix
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This item allows you to set the filename/classname prefix when extending
| native libraries.  For more information please see the user guide:
|
| http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/core_classes.html
| http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/creating_libraries.html
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #permitted_uri_chars: Allowed URL Characters
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This lets you specify with a regular expression which characters are permitted
| within your URLs.  When someone tries to submit a URL with disallowed
| characters they will get a warning message.
|
| As a security measure you are STRONGLY encouraged to restrict URLs to
| as few characters as possible.  By default only these are allowed: a-z 0-9~%.:_-
|
| Leave blank to allow all characters -- but only if you are insane.
|
| DO NOT CHANGE THIS UNLESS YOU FULLY UNDERSTAND THE REPERCUSSIONS!!
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #enable_query_strings/controller_trigger/function_trigger/directory_trigger: Enable Query Strings
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| By default CodeIgniter uses search-engine friendly segment based URLs:
| example.com/who/what/where/
|
| You can optionally enable standard query string based URLs:
| example.com?who=me&what=something&where=here
|
| Options are: TRUE or FALSE (boolean)
|
| The other items let you set the query string "words" that will
| invoke your controllers and its functions:
| example.com/index.php?c=controller&m=function
|
| Please note that some of the helpers won't work as expected when
| this feature is enabled, since CodeIgniter is designed primarily to
| use segment based URLs.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #log_threshold: Error Logging Threshold
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| If you have enabled error logging, you can set an error threshold to 
| determine what gets logged. Threshold options are:
| You can enable error logging by setting a threshold over zero. The
| threshold determines what gets logged. Threshold options are:
|
|	0 = Disables logging, Error logging TURNED OFF
|	1 = Error Messages (including PHP errors)
|	2 = Debug Messages
|	3 = Informational Messages
|	4 = All Messages
|
| For a live site you'll usually only enable Errors (1) to be logged otherwise
| your log files will fill up very fast.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #log_path: Error Logging Directory Path
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Leave this BLANK unless you would like to set something other than the default
| system/logs/ folder.  Use a full server path with trailing slash.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #log_date_format: Date Format for Logs
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Each item that is logged has an associated date. You can use PHP date
| codes to set your own date formatting
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #cache_path: Cache Directory Path
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Leave this BLANK unless you would like to set something other than the default
| system/cache/ folder.  Use a full server path with trailing slash.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #encryption_key: Encryption Key
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| If you use the Encryption class or the Sessions class with encryption
| enabled you MUST set an encryption key.  See the user guide for info.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #sess_cookie_name/sess_expiration/sess_encrypt_cookie/sess_use_database/sess_use_database/sess_table_name/sess_match_ip/sess_match_useragent/sess_time_to_update: Session Variables
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| 'session_cookie_name' = the name you want for the cookie
| 'encrypt_sess_cookie' = TRUE/FALSE (boolean).  Whether to encrypt the cookie
| 'session_expiration'  = the number of SECONDS you want the session to last.
|  by default sessions last 7200 seconds (two hours).  Set to zero for no expiration.
| 'time_to_update'		= how many seconds between CI refreshing Session Information
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #cookie_prefix/cookie_domain/cookie_path: Cookie Related Variables
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| 'cookie_prefix' = Set a prefix if you need to avoid collisions
| 'cookie_domain' = Set to .your-domain.com for site-wide cookies
| 'cookie_path'   =  Typically will be a forward slash
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #global_xss_filtering: Global XSS Filtering
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Determines whether the XSS filter is always active when GET, POST or
| COOKIE data is encountered
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #compress_output: Output Compression
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Enables Gzip output compression for faster page loads.  When enabled,
| the output class will test whether your server supports Gzip.
| Even if it does, however, not all browsers support compression
| so enable only if you are reasonably sure your visitors can handle it.
|
| VERY IMPORTANT:  If you are getting a blank page when compression is enabled it
| means you are prematurely outputting something to your browser. It could
| even be a line of whitespace at the end of one of your scripts.  For
| compression to work, nothing can be sent before the output buffer is called
| by the output class.  Do not "echo" any values with compression enabled.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #time_reference: Master Time Reference
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Options are "local" or "gmt".  This pref tells the system whether to use
| your server's local time as the master "now" reference, or convert it to
| GMT.  See the "date helper" page of the user guide for information
| regarding date handling.
|
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| #rewrite_short_tags: Rewrite PHP Short Tags
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| If your PHP installation does not have short tag support enabled CI
| can rewrite the tags on-the-fly, enabling you to utilize that syntax
| in your view files.  Options are TRUE or FALSE (boolean)
|
*/
/* End of file config.php */
/* Location: ./system/application/config/config.php */

5 ToDo List
这只是一个开始的想法，如果能形成一个编码规范一类的东西，我相信还是有一点帮助的，在将来，还有正面的工作要作：
1) 把“代码尽量紧凑整洁”进行解释，收集一下符合这个条件规则(如果把if(){和放一行而不是两行)
2) 可以制订一下标识符的命名规则，比如 XPC：FuntionName 之类的
3) 制作些相关的小工具。(这个就不知道会不会是绵绵无期了)