首先来个图看下dubbo十层架构：
1.获取动态代理对象 （1）通过工厂创建bean（2） 生成代理对象
2.获取invoker (更新invoker列表)
总结：
- 在调用代理对象的方法的时候触发代理对象初始化，真正的创建代理对象
- 判断是否是本地调用(（1）若dubbo:reference/的url属性不为空,则不是本地调用，（2）如果inJvm为true或scope=local则为本地调用, （3）如果generic=true则为泛化调用，（4）判断exportMap是否存在，如果存在直接调用本地)
- 如果是远程调用，检测注册中心，如果注册中心不正常则直接抛异常
- 若没有设置配置中心，则将注册中心作为配置中心使用
- 获取所有注册中心的标准化URL
- 生成一个动态Directory,将consumer注册到zk,将所有router添加到directory【org.apache.dubbo.registry.integration.RegistryProtocol#doRefer】
- 更新invoker列表
- 将invoker列表伪装为一个invoker
- 【org.apache.dubbo.registry.zookeeper.ZookeeperRegistry#doSubscribe】（1）在zk中创建分类节点（2）为分类节点添加子节点列表变更的watcher监听（3）主动调用notify()方法，更新分类节点子节点列表
10.【org.apache.dubbo.registry.support.AbstractRegistry#notify】 遍历所有的category 【routers,configurators,providers】
11.【org.apache.dubbo.registry.integration.RegistryDirectory#notify】
12.【org.apache.dubbo.registry.integration.RegistryDirectory#refreshOverrideAndInvoker】
13.【org.apache.dubbo.registry.integration.RegistryDirectory#refreshInvoker】
（1）若只有一个提供者url，且其protocol为empty，则说明当前没有提供者 ，则本次远程调用将被禁止
（2）若有提供者，从缓存中获取指定的invoker，
（3）若存在，则直接放入到map中，2.若不存在，则创建一个新的invoker，放入到map中
14.从map中获取到最新的invokers,将更新过的invokers写入到routerChain，即写入到了Directory,更新缓存urlInvokerMap,从老的缓存oldUrlInvokerMap中将失效的invoker销毁
代码实例：
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/dubbo-consumer.xml");
context.start();
DemoService demoService = context.getBean("demoService", DemoService.class);
String hello = demoService.sayHello("world");
System.out.println("result: ========================= " + hello);
}
//org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.ReferenceBean
@Override
public Object getObject() {
return get();
}
// ReferenceConfig
public synchronized T get() {
checkAndUpdateSubConfigs();
if (destroyed) {
throw new IllegalStateException("The invoker of ReferenceConfig(" + url + ") has already destroyed!");
}
if (ref == null) {
init();
}
return ref;
}
private void init() {
// 若当前代理对象还未初始化，则直接结束
if (initialized) {
return;
}
checkStubAndLocal(interfaceClass);
checkMock(interfaceClass);
// 创建并初始化用于构成url的map
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put(SIDE_KEY, CONSUMER_SIDE);
appendRuntimeParameters(map);
if (!isGeneric()) {
String revision = Version.getVersion(interfaceClass, version);
if (revision != null && revision.length() > 0) {
map.put(REVISION_KEY, revision);
}
String[] methods = Wrapper.getWrapper(interfaceClass).getMethodNames();
if (methods.length == 0) {
logger.warn("No method found in service interface " + interfaceClass.getName());
map.put(METHODS_KEY, ANY_VALUE);
} else {
map.put(METHODS_KEY, StringUtils.join(new HashSet<String>(Arrays.asList(methods)), COMMA_SEPARATOR));
}
}
map.put(INTERFACE_KEY, interfaceName);
appendParameters(map, metrics);
appendParameters(map, application);
appendParameters(map, module);
// remove 'default.' prefix for configs from ConsumerConfig
// appendParameters(map, consumer, Constants.DEFAULT_KEY);
appendParameters(map, consumer);
appendParameters(map, this);
Map<String, Object> attributes = null;
if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(methods)) {
attributes = new HashMap<String, Object>();
for (MethodConfig methodConfig : methods) {
appendParameters(map, methodConfig, methodConfig.getName());
String retryKey = methodConfig.getName() + ".retry";
if (map.containsKey(retryKey)) {
String retryValue = map.remove(retryKey);
if ("false".equals(retryValue)) {
map.put(methodConfig.getName() + ".retries", "0");
}
}
attributes.put(methodConfig.getName(), convertMethodConfig2AyncInfo(methodConfig));
}
}
String hostToRegistry = ConfigUtils.getSystemProperty(DUBBO_IP_TO_REGISTRY);
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(hostToRegistry)) {
hostToRegistry = NetUtils.getLocalHost();
} else if (isInvalidLocalHost(hostToRegistry)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Specified invalid registry ip from property:" + DUBBO_IP_TO_REGISTRY + ", value:" + hostToRegistry);
}
map.put(REGISTER_IP_KEY, hostToRegistry);
// 创建代理对象
ref = createProxy(map);
String serviceKey = URL.buildKey(interfaceName, group, version);
ApplicationModel.initConsumerModel(serviceKey, buildConsumerModel(serviceKey, attributes));
// 修改初始化标识
initialized = true;
}
@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes", "deprecation"})
private T createProxy(Map<String, String> map) {
// 判断是否是本地调用
if (shouldJvmRefer(map)) { // 处理本地调用请求
URL url = new URL(LOCAL_PROTOCOL, LOCALHOST_VALUE, 0, interfaceClass.getName()).addParameters(map);
invoker = REF_PROTOCOL.refer(interfaceClass, url);
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Using injvm service " + interfaceClass.getName());
}
} else { // 处理远程调用
// urls集合中存放的是"提供者"主机的url
urls.clear(); // reference retry init will add url to urls, lead to OOM
// 若<dubbo:reference/>中的url属性不为空
// 该url属性用于设置直连方式，其值为要直接调用的提供者的host与port
// 其中可以通过分号分隔，写入多个提供者主机信息
if (url != null && url.length() > 0) { // user specified URL, could be peer-to-peer address, or register center's address.
// 使用分号分隔url的值，形成多个提供者主机地址
String[] us = SEMICOLON_SPLIT_PATTERN.split(url);
if (us != null && us.length > 0) {
// 遍历所有提供者的地址
for (String u : us) {
URL url = URL.valueOf(u);
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(url.getPath())) {
url = url.setPath(interfaceName);
}
// 将提供者地址写入到urls集合
if (REGISTRY_PROTOCOL.equals(url.getProtocol())) {
urls.add(url.addParameterAndEncoded(REFER_KEY, StringUtils.toQueryString(map)));
} else {
urls.add(ClusterUtils.mergeUrl(url, map));
}
}
}
} else { // assemble URL from register center's configuration
// 处理远程调用：提供者来自于注册中心
// if protocols not injvm checkRegistry
if (!LOCAL_PROTOCOL.equalsIgnoreCase(getProtocol())){
// 检测注册中心
checkRegistry();
// 获取所有注册中心的标准化URL
List<URL> us = loadRegistries(false);
if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(us)) {
// 遍历所有注册中心URL
for (URL u : us) {
// 获取监控中心URL
URL monitorUrl = loadMonitor(u);
if (monitorUrl != null) {
map.put(MONITOR_KEY, URL.encode(monitorUrl.toFullString()));
}
// 将消费者元数据信息添加到注册中心URL
urls.add(u.addParameterAndEncoded(REFER_KEY, StringUtils.toQueryString(map)));
}
}
if (urls.isEmpty()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No such any registry to reference " + interfaceName + " on the consumer " + NetUtils.getLocalHost() + " use dubbo version " + Version.getVersion() + ", please config <dubbo:registry address=\"...\" /> to your spring config.");
}
}
}
// 代码运行到这里，urls中已经不为空了
// urls中的url可能是两类中的一种：
// 1)直连时的提供者主机URL
// 2)注册中心的URL(包含消费者元数据)
if (urls.size() == 1) { // 注册中心只有一个的情况
// 将这个注册中心构建为一个invoker
invoker = REF_PROTOCOL.refer(interfaceClass, urls.get(0));
} else { // 注册中心有多个的情况
List<Invoker<?>> invokers = new ArrayList<Invoker<?>>();
URL registryURL = null;
// 遍历所有注册中心url
for (URL url : urls) {
// 将每个注册中心构建为一个invoker，并写入到invokers列表
invokers.add(REF_PROTOCOL.refer(interfaceClass, url));
// 记录最后一个注册中心地址
// 所有注册中心的url，除了host、port、path，及registry参数不同外，
// 其它数据都是相同的。后面的代码需要使用这些url中相同的数据部分，
// 所以只需要获取一个注册中心地址就可以了
if (REGISTRY_PROTOCOL.equals(url.getProtocol())) {
registryURL = url; // use last registry url
}
}
if (registryURL != null) { // registry url is available
// use RegistryAwareCluster only when register's CLUSTER is available
URL u = registryURL.addParameter(CLUSTER_KEY, RegistryAwareCluster.NAME);
// The invoker wrap relation would be: RegistryAwareClusterInvoker(StaticDirectory) -> FailoverClusterInvoker(RegistryDirectory, will execute route) -> Invoker
invoker = CLUSTER.join(new StaticDirectory(u, invokers));
} else { // not a registry url, must be direct invoke.
invoker = CLUSTER.join(new StaticDirectory(invokers));
}
}
}
if (shouldCheck() && !invoker.isAvailable()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to check the status of the service " + interfaceName + ". No provider available for the service " + (group == null ? "" : group + "/") + interfaceName + (version == null ? "" : ":" + version) + " from the url " + invoker.getUrl() + " to the consumer " + NetUtils.getLocalHost() + " use dubbo version " + Version.getVersion());
}
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Refer dubbo service " + interfaceClass.getName() + " from url " + invoker.getUrl());
}
/**
* @since 2.7.0
* ServiceData Store
*/
// 若元数据中心不为空，则将消费者元数据写入到元数据中心保存
MetadataReportService metadataReportService = null;
if ((metadataReportService = getMetadataReportService()) != null) {
URL consumerURL = new URL(CONSUMER_PROTOCOL, map.remove(REGISTER_IP_KEY), 0, map.get(INTERFACE_KEY), map);
metadataReportService.publishConsumer(consumerURL);
}
// create service proxy 创建消费者代理对象
return (T) PROXY_FACTORY.getProxy(invoker);
}
/** 远程调用检测注册中心
* Check whether the registry config is exists, and then conversion it to {@link RegistryConfig}
*/
protected void checkRegistry() {
loadRegistriesFromBackwardConfig();
convertRegistryIdsToRegistries();
// 这里可以保证所有注册中心都是可用的
for (RegistryConfig registryConfig : registries) {
if (!registryConfig.isValid()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No registry config found or it's not a valid config! " +
"The registry config is: " + registryConfig);
}
}
// 代码运行到这里，说明所有注册中心都是可用的
// 若没有设置配置中心，则将注册中心作为配置中心使用
useRegistryForConfigIfNecessary();
}
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T> Invoker<T> refer(Class<T> type, URL url) throws RpcException {
url = URLBuilder.from(url)
.setProtocol(url.getParameter(REGISTRY_KEY, DEFAULT_REGISTRY))
.removeParameter(REGISTRY_KEY)
.build();
Registry registry = registryFactory.getRegistry(url);
if (RegistryService.class.equals(type)) {
return proxyFactory.getInvoker((T) registry, type, url);
}
// group="a,b" or group="*"
Map<String, String> qs = StringUtils.parseQueryString(url.getParameterAndDecoded(REFER_KEY));
String group = qs.get(GROUP_KEY);
if (group != null && group.length() > 0) {
if ((COMMA_SPLIT_PATTERN.split(group)).length > 1 || "*".equals(group)) {
return doRefer(getMergeableCluster(), registry, type, url);
}
}
return doRefer(cluster, registry, type, url);
}
private <T> Invoker<T> doRefer(Cluster cluster, Registry registry, Class<T> type, URL url) {
// 生成一个动态Directory
RegistryDirectory<T> directory = new RegistryDirectory<T>(type, url);
directory.setRegistry(registry);
directory.setProtocol(protocol);
// all attributes of REFER_KEY
Map<String, String> parameters = new HashMap<String, String>(directory.getUrl().getParameters());
URL subscribeUrl = new URL(CONSUMER_PROTOCOL, parameters.remove(REGISTER_IP_KEY), 0, type.getName(), parameters);
if (!ANY_VALUE.equals(url.getServiceInterface()) && url.getParameter(REGISTER_KEY, true)) {
directory.setRegisteredConsumerUrl(getRegisteredConsumerUrl(subscribeUrl, url));
// 将consumer注册到zk
registry.register(directory.getRegisteredConsumerUrl());
}
// 将所有router添加到directory
directory.buildRouterChain(subscribeUrl);
// 更新invoker列表
directory.subscribe(subscribeUrl.addParameter(CATEGORY_KEY,
PROVIDERS_CATEGORY + "," + CONFIGURATORS_CATEGORY + "," + ROUTERS_CATEGORY));
// 将invoker列表伪装为一个invoker
Invoker invoker = cluster.join(directory);
ProviderConsumerRegTable.registerConsumer(invoker, url, subscribeUrl, directory);
return invoker;
}
获取代理对象
org.apache.dubbo.rpc.proxy.wrapper.StubProxyFactoryWrapper#getProxy(org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker<T>)
@Override
public void doSubscribe(final URL url, final NotifyListener listener) {
try {
if (ANY_VALUE.equals(url.getServiceInterface())) { // 处理interface属性为*的情况
String root = toRootPath();
ConcurrentMap<NotifyListener, ChildListener> listeners = zkListeners.get(url);
if (listeners == null) {
zkListeners.putIfAbsent(url, new ConcurrentHashMap<>());
listeners = zkListeners.get(url);
}
ChildListener zkListener = listeners.get(listener);
if (zkListener == null) {
listeners.putIfAbsent(listener, (parentPath, currentChilds) -> {
for (String child : currentChilds) {
child = URL.decode(child);
if (!anyServices.contains(child)) {
anyServices.add(child);
subscribe(url.setPath(child).addParameters(INTERFACE_KEY, child,
Constants.CHECK_KEY, String.valueOf(false)), listener);
}
}
});
zkListener = listeners.get(listener);
}
zkClient.create(root, false);
List<String> services = zkClient.addChildListener(root, zkListener);
if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(services)) {
for (String service : services) {
service = URL.decode(service);
anyServices.add(service);
subscribe(url.setPath(service).addParameters(INTERFACE_KEY, service,
Constants.CHECK_KEY, String.valueOf(false)), listener);
}
}
} else { // 处理interface属性为真正接口的情况
// 存放所有分类节点下的所有子节点url
List<URL> urls = new ArrayList<>();
for (String path : toCategoriesPath(url)) {
ConcurrentMap<NotifyListener, ChildListener> listeners = zkListeners.get(url);
if (listeners == null) {
zkListeners.putIfAbsent(url, new ConcurrentHashMap<>());
listeners = zkListeners.get(url);
}
ChildListener zkListener = listeners.get(listener);
if (zkListener == null) {
listeners.putIfAbsent(listener, (parentPath, currentChilds) -> ZookeeperRegistry.this.notify(url, listener, toUrlsWithEmpty(url, parentPath, currentChilds)));
zkListener = listeners.get(listener);
}
// 在zk中创建分类节点
zkClient.create(path, false);
// 为分类节点添加子节点列表变更的watcher监听
// 并返回其所有子节点列表
List<String> children = zkClient.addChildListener(path, zkListener);
if (children != null) {
// toUrlsWithEmpty()获取当前分类节点下的所有子节点url
urls.addAll(toUrlsWithEmpty(url, path, children));
}
}
// 主动调用notify()方法，更新分类节点子节点列表
notify(url, listener, urls);
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
throw new RpcException("Failed to subscribe " + url + " to zookeeper " + getUrl() + ", cause: " + e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
/**
* Notify changes from the Provider side.
*
* @param url consumer side url
* @param listener listener
* @param urls provider latest urls
*/
protected void notify(URL url, NotifyListener listener, List<URL> urls) {
if (url == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("notify url == null");
}
if (listener == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("notify listener == null");
}
if ((CollectionUtils.isEmpty(urls))
&& !ANY_VALUE.equals(url.getServiceInterface())) {
logger.warn("Ignore empty notify urls for subscribe url " + url);
return;
}
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Notify urls for subscribe url " + url + ", urls: " + urls);
}
// keep every provider's category.
// key：category
// value：为该category的所有子节点的url
Map<String, List<URL>> result = new HashMap<>();
for (URL u : urls) {
if (UrlUtils.isMatch(url, u)) {
String category = u.getParameter(CATEGORY_KEY, DEFAULT_CATEGORY);
// 为每一个category创建一个List，然后将category作为key，
// 将这个创建的list作用value
List<URL> categoryList = result.computeIfAbsent(category, k -> new ArrayList<>());
// 将当前遍历的url放入到相应的category的list中
categoryList.add(u);
}
}
if (result.size() == 0) {
return;
}
// 为当前消费者url创建一个map，而这个map为前面定义的result
Map<String, List<URL>> categoryNotified = notified.computeIfAbsent(url, u -> new ConcurrentHashMap<>());
// 遍历所有的category
for (Map.Entry<String, List<URL>> entry : result.entrySet()) {
String category = entry.getKey();
List<URL> categoryList = entry.getValue();
categoryNotified.put(category, categoryList);
// 主动调用当前遍历category的notify()，更新其子节点列表
listener.notify(categoryList);
// We will update our cache file after each notification.
// When our Registry has a subscribe failure due to network jitter, we can return at least the existing cache URL.
saveProperties(url);
}
}
@Override
public synchronized void notify(List<URL> urls) {
Map<String, List<URL>> categoryUrls = urls.stream()
.filter(Objects::nonNull)
.filter(this::isValidCategory)
.filter(this::isNotCompatibleFor26x)
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(url -> {
if (UrlUtils.isConfigurator(url)) {
return CONFIGURATORS_CATEGORY;
} else if (UrlUtils.isRoute(url)) {
return ROUTERS_CATEGORY;
} else if (UrlUtils.isProvider(url)) {
return PROVIDERS_CATEGORY;
}
return "";
}));
// 处理category为configurators的情况
List<URL> configuratorURLs = categoryUrls.getOrDefault(CONFIGURATORS_CATEGORY, Collections.emptyList());
this.configurators = Configurator.toConfigurators(configuratorURLs).orElse(this.configurators);
// 处理category为routers的情况
List<URL> routerURLs = categoryUrls.getOrDefault(ROUTERS_CATEGORY, Collections.emptyList());
toRouters(routerURLs).ifPresent(this::addRouters);
// providers
// 处理category为providers的情况
List<URL> providerURLs = categoryUrls.getOrDefault(PROVIDERS_CATEGORY, Collections.emptyList());
refreshOverrideAndInvoker(providerURLs);
}
/**
* Convert the invokerURL list to the Invoker Map. The rules of the conversion are as follows:
* <ol>
* <li> If URL has been converted to invoker, it is no longer re-referenced and obtained directly from the cache,
* and notice that any parameter changes in the URL will be re-referenced.</li>
* <li>If the incoming invoker list is not empty, it means that it is the latest invoker list.</li>
* <li>If the list of incoming invokerUrl is empty, It means that the rule is only a override rule or a route
* rule, which needs to be re-contrasted to decide whether to re-reference.</li>
* </ol>
*
* @param invokerUrls this parameter can't be null
*/
// TODO: 2017/8/31 FIXME The thread pool should be used to refresh the address, otherwise the task may be accumulated.
// 参数invokerUrls是当前providers这个分类节点的所有子节点列表url
private void refreshInvoker(List<URL> invokerUrls) {
Assert.notNull(invokerUrls, "invokerUrls should not be null");
// 若只有一个提供者url，且其protocol为empty，则说明当前没有提供者
// 则本次远程调用将被禁止
if (invokerUrls.size() == 1
&& invokerUrls.get(0) != null
&& EMPTY_PROTOCOL.equals(invokerUrls.get(0).getProtocol())) {
this.forbidden = true; // Forbid to access
this.invokers = Collections.emptyList();
routerChain.setInvokers(this.invokers);
destroyAllInvokers(); // Close all invokers
} else {
this.forbidden = false; // Allow to access
// 保存当前缓存urlInvokerMap
Map<String, Invoker<T>> oldUrlInvokerMap = this.urlInvokerMap; // local reference
if (invokerUrls == Collections.<URL>emptyList()) {
invokerUrls = new ArrayList<>();
}
// 若providers子节点invokerUrls 与 当前缓存cachedInvokerUrls，
// 若某一个为空，则用另一个进行赋值
if (invokerUrls.isEmpty() && this.cachedInvokerUrls != null) {
invokerUrls.addAll(this.cachedInvokerUrls);
} else {
this.cachedInvokerUrls = new HashSet<>();
this.cachedInvokerUrls.addAll(invokerUrls);//Cached invoker urls, convenient for comparison
}
if (invokerUrls.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
// 将url列表转换为invokerMap，这里才是真正的更新
// key为提供者节点的url
// value为该url对应的invoker
Map<String, Invoker<T>> newUrlInvokerMap = toInvokers(invokerUrls);// Translate url list to Invoker map
/**
* If the calculation is wrong, it is not processed.
*
* 1. The protocol configured by the client is inconsistent with the protocol of the server.
* eg: consumer protocol = dubbo, provider only has other protocol services(rest).
* 2. The registration center is not robust and pushes illegal specification data.
*
*/
if (CollectionUtils.isEmptyMap(newUrlInvokerMap)) {
logger.error(new IllegalStateException("urls to invokers error .invokerUrls.size :" + invokerUrls.size() + ", invoker.size :0. urls :" + invokerUrls
.toString()));
return;
}
// 从map中获取到最新的invokers
List<Invoker<T>> newInvokers = Collections.unmodifiableList(new ArrayList<>(newUrlInvokerMap.values()));
// pre-route and build cache, notice that route cache should build on original Invoker list.
// toMergeMethodInvokerMap() will wrap some invokers having different groups, those wrapped invokers not should be routed.
// 将更新过的invokers写入到routerChain，即写入到了Directory
routerChain.setInvokers(newInvokers);
// 将更新过的invoker根据group进行分组，每组合并为一个invoker
this.invokers = multiGroup ? toMergeInvokerList(newInvokers) : newInvokers;
// 更新缓存urlInvokerMap
this.urlInvokerMap = newUrlInvokerMap;
try {
// 从老的缓存oldUrlInvokerMap中将失效的invoker销毁
destroyUnusedInvokers(oldUrlInvokerMap, newUrlInvokerMap); // Close the unused Invoker
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.warn("destroyUnusedInvokers error. ", e);
}
}
}
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