Elasticsearch——java操作ElasticSearch 7.x

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-17 13:00:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-17 13:00:00 发布

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分类专栏： ElasticSearch 文章标签： elasticsearch

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41879343/article/details/111827824

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本文档详细介绍了如何在SpringBoot项目中使用RestHighLevelClient与Elasticsearch7.x进行交互，包括创建、查询、更新和删除索引及文档，以及批量操作和复杂查询，如分页和高亮显示。同时，文章指出Elasticsearch7.x弃用了transport客户端，推荐使用RestHighLevelClient。

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ElasticSearch】java操作ElasticSearch 7.x

ElasticSearch7.x中不在建议使用transport，并且将在8.0彻底淘汰。
所以我们需要使用7.x推荐使用的RestHighLevelClient来操作ElasticSearch。

在springboot项目中我们配置RestHighLevelClient对象时可以通过配置文件application.yml

spring:
  elasticsearch:
    rest:
      connection-timeout: 1000
      uris: http://localhost:9200

当然我们也可以通过代码实例化：

    @Bean
    public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient(){
        RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("127.0.0.1",9200,"http"))
        );
        return restHighLevelClient;
    }

1. 导入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.siyi</groupId>
    <artifactId>ElasticSearchDemo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.7.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.75</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2. 操作索引

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ESTest {
    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient;

    /**
     * 创建索引
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void testCreateIndex() throws IOException {
        //1. 创建索引请求
        CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("siyi");
        //2. 客户端执行请求 IndicesClient,请求后获得响应
        CreateIndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        //输出是否创建成功
        System.out.println(response.isAcknowledged());
    }

    /**
     * 查询是否存在索引
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void testExistIndex() throws IOException {
        GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest("siyi");
        boolean exists = restHighLevelClient.indices().exists(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(exists);
    }

	/**
	* 删除索引
	*/
    @Test
    public void testDeleteIndex() throws IOException {
        //创建删除索引请求对象
        DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest("siyi");
        //客户端执行请求
        AcknowledgedResponse response = restHighLevelClient.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        //输出是否删除成功
        System.out.println(response.isAcknowledged());
    }

3. 操作文档

3.1 新增文档

    /**
     * 添加文档
     */
    @Test
    public void addDocument() throws IOException {
        //获取对象
        Goods goods = goodsDao.findById(12991976L);
        //创建请求
        IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("siyi");
        //规则 put /siyi/_doc/1
        request.id("1");
        request.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(1));
        //将我们的数据放入请求
        request.source(JSON.toJSONString(goods), XContentType.JSON);
        //客户端发送请求
        IndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        //IndexResponse[index=siyi,type=_doc,id=1,version=1,result=created,seqNo=0,primaryTerm=1,shards={"total":2,"successful":1,"failed":0}]
        System.out.println(response);
        //响应状态 CREATED
        System.out.println(response.status());
    }

3.2 删除文档

    /**
     * 删除文档
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void testDeleteDocument() throws IOException {
        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest("siyi","1");
        request.timeout("1s");
        DeleteResponse response = restHighLevelClient.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        //DeleteResponse[index=siyi,type=_doc,id=1,version=3,result=deleted,shards=ShardInfo{total=2, successful=1, failures=[]}]
        System.out.println(response);
        //OK
        System.out.println(response.status());
    }

3.3 修改文档

    @Test
    public void testUpdateDocument() throws IOException {
        UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest("siyi","1");
        request.timeout("1s");
        Goods goods = goodsDao.findById(12991976L);
        goods.setTitle("xxxx");
        request.doc(JSON.toJSONString(goods),XContentType.JSON);
        UpdateResponse response = restHighLevelClient.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        //UpdateResponse[index=siyi,type=_doc,id=1,version=2,seqNo=1,primaryTerm=1,result=updated,shards=ShardInfo{total=2, successful=1, failures=[]}]
        System.out.println(response);
        System.out.println(response.status());
    }

3.4 批量增，删，改文档

    /**
     * 批量新增文档
     */
    @Test
    public void testBulkRequest() throws IOException {
        BulkRequest request = new BulkRequest();
        request.timeout("1s");

        List<Goods> list = goodsDao.findAll();

        list.forEach(goods -> {
            //批量更新或者删除只需修改方法即可
            request.add(new IndexRequest("siyi")
                    .id(""+goods.getId())
                    .source(JSON.toJSONString(goods),XContentType.JSON));
        });
        BulkResponse responses = restHighLevelClient.bulk(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(responses);
        //是否删除失败 返回false代表删除成功 false
        System.out.println(responses.hasFailures());
    }

当我们需要使用批量增删改数据时，只需要使用BulkRequest的add,delete,update中相应方法即可。

3.5 查询文档

3.5.1 基本查询

    /**
     * 获取文档，判断是否存在 get /index/doc/1
     */
    @Test
    public void testIsExists() throws IOException {
        GetRequest request = new GetRequest("siyi","1");
        //不获取返回的 _source的上下文了
        request.fetchSourceContext(new FetchSourceContext(false));
        request.storedFields("_none");
        boolean exists = restHighLevelClient.exists(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(exists);
    }

    /**
     * 获取文档信息
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void testGetDocument() throws IOException {
        GetRequest request = new GetRequest("siyi","1");
        GetResponse response = restHighLevelClient.get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString());
        System.out.println(response);
    }

3.5.2 复杂查询

/**
     * 查询
     */
    @Test
    public void testSearch() throws IOException {
        SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("siyi");
        //构建搜索条件
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        //查询条件，我们可以使用QueryBuilders工具来实现
        //QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery() 匹配所有
        //QueryBuilders.termQuery() 精确匹配
        TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "java");
        
        builder.query(termQueryBuilder);
        builder.timeout(new TimeValue(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS));

        request.source(builder);

        SearchResponse response = restHighLevelClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(response.getHits()));
        System.out.println("----------------------");
        for (SearchHit hit : response.getHits().getHits()) {
            System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsMap());
        }
    }

当然，我们可以向直接操作ElasticSearch一样去构建查询条件。

在java中有对应的类来实现我们需要构造的查询条件。

3.5.3 分页查询

    /**
     * 查询
     */
    @Test
    public void testSearch() throws IOException {
        SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("siyi");
        //构建搜索条件
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        //查询条件，我们可以使用QueryBuilders工具来实现
        //QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery() 匹配所有
        //QueryBuilders.termQuery() 精确匹配
        TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "java");
        
        builder.query(termQueryBuilder);
        builder.timeout(new TimeValue(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS));

        //分页查询，第0页 每页30
        builder.from(0);
        builder.size(30);

        request.source(builder);

        SearchResponse response = restHighLevelClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(response.getHits()));
        System.out.println("----------------------");
        for (SearchHit hit : response.getHits().getHits()) {
            System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsMap());
        }
    }

3.5.4 查询结果高亮显示

    /**
     * 查询
     */
    @Test
    public void testSearch() throws IOException {
        SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("siyi");
        //构建搜索条件
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        //查询条件，我们可以使用QueryBuilders工具来实现
        //QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery() 匹配所有
        //QueryBuilders.termQuery() 精确匹配
        TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "java");
        builder.query(termQueryBuilder);
        builder.timeout(new TimeValue(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS));

        //分页查询，第0页 每页30
        builder.from(0);
        builder.size(30);


        //设置高亮
        HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder = new HighlightBuilder();
        //高亮显示的字段
        highlightBuilder.field("title");
        highlightBuilder.preTags("<em>");
        highlightBuilder.postTags("</em>");
        builder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);

        request.source(builder);

        SearchResponse response = restHighLevelClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(response.getHits()));
        System.out.println("----------------------");
        for (SearchHit hit : response.getHits().getHits()) {
            Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap);
            //输出高亮情况
            Map<String, HighlightField> highlightFields = hit.getHighlightFields();
            HighlightField highlightField = highlightFields.get("title");
            if(highlightField == null) continue;
            Text[] fragments = highlightField.getFragments();
            String title = "";
            for (Text fragment : fragments) {
                title += fragment;
            }
            //使用有高亮的结果替换原本的结果，
            sourceAsMap.put("title",title);
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap);
        }
    }