elasticsearch java7_ElasticSearch7.6.x快速入门

ElasticSearch7.6.x

什么是ElasticSearch？

Elasticsearch是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器。它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎，基于RESTful web接口。Elasticsearch是用Java语言开发的，并作为Apache许可条款下的开放源码发布，是一种流行的企业级搜索引擎。

ES的基本概念

对比于现有的关系型数据库去学习

Relational DB

Elasticsearch

数据库(database)

索引(indices)

表(tables)

类型(types)

行(rows)

文档(document)

字段(columns)

字段(fields)

Restful风格：

method

url地址

描述

PUT

localhost:9200/indices/types/document_ID

创建文档(指定ID)

POST

localhost:9200/indices/types

创建文档(随机ID)

POST

localhost:9200/indices/types/document_ID/_update

修改文档

DELETE

localhost:9200/indices/types/document_ID

删除文档

GET

localhost:9200/indices/types/document_ID

通过ID查询文档

POST

localhost:9200/indices/types/_search

查询所有的文档

indices：n. 指数；目录(index的复数)

基础测试：

PUT /test01/_doc/2

{ }

请求头+请求体

关于索引的操作

1.创建索引

PUT /indices/types/document_ID

{

}

2.数据类型：

字符串类型

text 、 keyword

数值类型

long, integer, short, byte, double, float, half_float, scaled_float

日期类型

date

te布尔值类型

boolean

二进制类型

binary

3.指定字段的类型

PUT /test01

{

"mappings": {

"properties": {

"name":{

"type": "text"

},

"age":{

"type": "integer"

},

"birthday":{

"type": "date"

}

}

}

}

4.可以通过 GET 请求获取具体的信息！

GET indices

5.get _cat/ 可以获得es的当前的很多信息

GET _cat/indices?v

发现一个彩蛋

GET _cat/

Snipaste_2020-04-15_14-59-51.png

输入一个cat竟然真的有个猫

6.更新数据

put

put /indices/types/document_ID

{

"name":"summer"

}

POST _update

POST /indices/types/document_ID/_update

{

"doc":{

"name":"summer"

}

}

put 的方法只是简单的覆盖而已，后面加_update只会修改修改的数据。

7.删除索引

DELETE /indices

DELETE /indices/_doc/

DELETE /indices/_doc/document_ID

关于文档的基本操作

基本操作：

1、添加数据

PUT /summer/user/1

{

"name":"summer",

"age":"22",

"desc":"跟着狂神学java",

"tags":["帅哥","暖男","666"]

}

2.修改内容

put

put /indices/types/document_ID

{

"name":"summer"

}

POST _update

POST /indices/types/document_ID/_update

{

"doc":{

"name":"summer"

}

}

3.简单地搜索！

GET /summer/user/_search?q=name:summer

条件：

q=name:summer

4.复杂操作搜索

查找

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"match": {

"name": "summer"

}

}

}

查出来的结果：

Snipaste_2020-04-15_15-46-25.png

我们发现我们的结果在hits中，想要的信息在hits中的hits中

n. 击打；网页点击数；采样数(hit的复数)

限制只显示哪个字段

select name,age from user ;

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"match": {

"desc":"跟着狂神学java"

}

},

"_source": ["name","age"]

}

排序

select * from user ORDER BY age;

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"match": {

"desc":"跟着狂神学java"

}

},

"sort": [

{

"age": {

"order": "desc"

}

}

]

}

分页 from size

select * from user limit from ,size ;

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"match": {

"desc":"跟着狂神学java"

}

},

"_source": ["name","age"],

"from": 0,

"size": 2

}

布尔值查询 bool 就是SQL语句中的where

1.must:

select * from user where name = 'summer' and desc = '跟着狂神学java'

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"bool": {

"must": [

{

"match": {

"name":"summer"

}

},

{

"match": {

"desc":"跟着狂神学java"

}

}

]

}

}

}

2.should:

select * from user where name = 'summer' or desc = '跟着狂神学java'

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"bool": {

"should": [

{

"match": {

"name":"summer"

}

},

{

"match": {

"desc":"跟着狂神学java"

}

}

]

}

}

}

3.must_not

select * from user where not name = 'summer'

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"bool": {

"must_not": [

{

"match": {

"name":"summer"

}

}

]

}

}

}

4.过滤器 filter

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"bool": {

"must": [

{

"name":"summer"

}

]

, "filter": {

"range": {

"age": {

"gte": 10,

"lte": 20

}

}

}

}

}

匹配多个条件

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"match": {

"tags": "暖男 高中生"

}

}

}

精确查询

关于分词：

term ：直接查询精确的

match：会使用分词器解析！(先分析文档，然后在通过分析的文档进行查询！)

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"term": {

"name":"summer"

}

}

}

高亮查询

GET /summer/user/_search

{

"query": {

"match": {

"name":"summer"

}

}

, "highlight": {

"fields": {

"name":{}

}

}

}

Snipaste_2020-04-15_17-01-43.png

集成springboot

1.原生依赖导入

org.elasticsearch.client

elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client

7.6.2

注：如果在创建springboot时直接选择了elasticsearch，就需要去springboot中去修改版本，因为springboot中默认的是6.X

1.8

7.6.1

自定义一下版本。

2.将elasticsearch核心类配置进入springboot中

@Configuration

public class ElasticSearchConfig {

@Bean

public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient(){

return new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("127.0.01",9200,"http")));

}

}

3.测试

package com.summer;

@SpringBootTest

class SpringbootEsApiApplicationTests {

@Autowired

@Qualifier("restHighLevelClient")

private RestHighLevelClient client;

@Test

void contextLoads() throws IOException {

CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("summer_002");

CreateIndexResponse response = client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

System.out.println(response);

}

// 测试获取索引,判断其是否存在

@Test

void TestExistIndex() throws IOException {

GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest("summer_001");

boolean exists = client.indices().exists(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

System.out.println(exists);

}

// 测试删除索引

@Test

void TestDeleteIndex() throws IOException {

DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest("summer_001");

AcknowledgedResponse delete = client.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

System.out.println(delete);

}

// 测试添加文档

@Test

void TestAddDocument() throws IOException {

//创建对象

User user = new User("summer",20);

//创建请求

IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("summer_002");

//规则 /summer_02/_doc/1

request.id("1");

request.timeout("1s");

// 将数据放入请求中

request.source(JSON.toJSONString(user), XContentType.JSON);

//客户端发送请求

IndexResponse index = client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

//查看结果

System.out.println(index.toString());

System.out.println(index.status());

}

// 获得文档的信息

@Test

void testGetDocument() throws IOException {

//创建get请求

GetRequest getRequest = new GetRequest("summer_002","1");

//执行命令 客户端发送，获得结果

GetResponse documentFields = client.get(getRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

//打印结果

System.out.println(documentFields);

System.out.println(documentFields.getSourceAsString());

}

// 更新文档的信息

@Test

void testUpdateDocument() throws IOException {

//创建请求

UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest("summer_002","1");

User user = new User("pppnut",22);

UpdateRequest doc = updateRequest.doc(JSON.toJSONString(user), XContentType.JSON);

UpdateResponse update = client.update(doc, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

System.out.println(update);

System.out.println(update.status());

}

// 删除文档记录

@Test

void testDeleteDocument() throws IOException {

DeleteRequest deleteRequest = new DeleteRequest("summer_002","1");

DeleteResponse delete = client.delete(deleteRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

System.out.println(delete);

System.out.println(delete.status());

}

// 特殊的，真的项目一般都会批量插入数据！

@Test

void testBulkRequest() throws IOException {

BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest();

ArrayList users = new ArrayList<>();

for (int i = 10; i < 22; i++) {

users.add(new User("summer"+i,i));

}

for (int i = 0; i < users.size(); i++) {

bulkRequest.add(

new IndexRequest("summer_002")

.source(JSON.toJSONString(users.get(i)),XContentType.JSON));

}

bulkRequest.timeout("10S");

BulkResponse bulk = client.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

System.out.println(bulk);

System.out.println(bulk.status());

}

// 查询

// SearchRequest 搜索请求

// SearchSourceBuilder 条件构造

// HighlightBuilder 构建高亮

// TermQueryBuilder 精确查询

// MatchAllQueryBuilder

// xxx QueryBuilder 对应我们刚才看到的命令！

@Test

void SearchRequest() throws IOException {

SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("summer_002");

SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("name", "summer");

// MatchAllQueryBuilder matchAllQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery();

SearchSourceBuilder query = sourceBuilder.query(termQueryBuilder);

SearchRequest source = searchRequest.source(query);

SearchResponse searchResponse = client.search(source, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

System.out.println(searchResponse);

System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(searchResponse.getHits()));

System.out.println(searchResponse.getHits());

}

}

总结java对ElasticSearch进行操作

请求头

请求体

请求体的具体操作

执行请求体

报错：发现索引必须都是小写

[summer_001Spring] ElasticsearchStatusException[Elasticsearch exception [type=invalid_index_name_exception, reason=Invalid index name [summer_001Spring], must be lowercase]

]

2.坑点这里必须要new IndexRequest ,不然值会重复

users.forEach(System.out::println);

System.out.println("====================================================================");

for (int i = 0; i < users.size(); i++) {

bulkRequest.add(

new IndexRequest("summer_002")

.source(JSON.toJSONString(users.get(i)),XContentType.JSON));

System.out.println(users.get(i));

}