MyBatis使用（基于idea）

一.简介

什么是MyBatis？

MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架，它支持自定义 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。MyBatis 免除了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码以及设置参数和获取结果集的工作。MyBatis 可以通过简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原始类型、接口和 Java POJO（Plain Old Java Objects，普通老式 Java 对象）为数据库中的记录。

二.配置与使用

1.安装

(1)在GitHub中搜索MyBatis下载jar包，将jar包导入xiang'mu：

Tags · mybatis/mybatis-3 · GitHub

(2)在idea中使用 Maven 来构建项目：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.9</version>
</dependency>

2.必要配置

(1)首先需要XML配置文件：

在资源文件夹下创建mybatis-config.xml文件

<!--核心配置文件-->
<configuration>

    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <!--自己的配置信息-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="******"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/liarzn/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

(2)编写工具类：

​

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

//工具类
//获取sqlSessionFactory --> aqlSession
public class MyBatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static {
        try {
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return  sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

​

（3）使用

尝试编写第一个使用MyBatis的程序

首先编写一个实体类（与数据库统一）

数据库：

 实体类：

package com.liarzn.pojo;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String password;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String password) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

然后编写Dao层代码，写一个要操作数据库的接口：

接口（UserMapper）：

package com.liarzn.dao;

import com.liarzn.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {
     //获取全部用户
     List<User> getUserList();
     //根据ID查询用户
     User getUserById(int id);
     //增加用户
     int addUser(User user);
     //修改用户
     int updateUser(User user);
     //删除一个用户
     int deleteUser(int id);
}

XML配置文件（使用接口）：

在接口同文件夹下创建UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace=绑定一个指定的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.liarzn.dao.UserMapper">
    <!--查询语句-->
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.liarzn.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatis.user;
    </select>
    <!--按id查询-->
    <select id="getUserById" resultType="com.liarzn.pojo.User" parameterType="int">
        select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
    </select>
    <!--增-->
    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.liarzn.pojo.User">
        insert into mybatis.user(id,name,password) values (#{id},#{name},#{password})
    </insert>
     <!--改-->
    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.liarzn.pojo.User" >
        update mybatis.user
        set  name = #{name},password = #{password}
        where id = #{id};
    </update>
     <!--删-->
    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int" >
        delete from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
    </delete>
</mapper>

最后编写测试代码测试：

package com.liarzn.dao;

import com.liarzn.pojo.User;
import com.liarzn.utils.MyBatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //获得SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        //执行sql
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        sqlSession.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void getUserByIdTest(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        User user = mapper.getUserById(1);
        System.out.println(user);
        sqlSession.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void addUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

        int i = mapper.addUser(new User(3, "张三", "123123"));
        if (i>0){
            System.out.println("ok");
        }
        //必须提交事务
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void update(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        mapper.updateUser(new User(3,"王五","123456"));
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void deleteUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        mapper.deleteUser(3);
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

三.注意事项

1.若target文件夹下没有XML配置文件，在Maven中加入下面配置：

    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

2.在数据库中进行增删改操作时需要提交事务：

public void addUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

        int i = mapper.addUser(new User(3, "张三", "123123"));
        if (i>0){
            System.out.println("ok");
        }
        //必须提交事务
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }

（3）接口的XML文件需要在mybatis-config.xml中配置：

    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/liarzn/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>