docker-compose

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-03 10:14:47 发布

frey Wang

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-03 10:14:47 发布

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文章标签： docker docker-compose

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/babay550/article/details/103718225

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能做什么？

一个用来把 docker 自动化的东西。有了 docker-compose 你可以把所有繁复的 docker 操作全都一条命令，自动化的完成。通过创建compose文件(YUML语法)，在这个文件上面描述应用的架构，如使用什么镜像、数据卷、网络、绑定服务端口等等，然后再用一条命令就可以管理所有的服务（如启动、停止、重启、日志监控等等）。

Supported filenames: docker-compose.yml, docker-compose.yaml

https://docs.docker.com/compose/overview 官网描述非常详尽，示例步骤清晰易懂，建议详读。

怎么做？

sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.19.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

查看版本：docker-compose -version

docker-compose version 1.19.0, build 9e633ef


查看帮助：docker-compose -h
Usage:
  docker-compose [-f <arg>...] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS...]
  docker-compose -h|--help

Options:
  -f, --file FILE             Specify an alternate compose file (default: docker-compose.yml)
  -p, --project-name NAME     Specify an alternate project name (default: directory name)
  --verbose                   Show more output
  --no-ansi                   Do not print ANSI control characters
  -v, --version               Print version and exit
  -H, --host HOST             Daemon socket to connect to

  --tls                       Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
  --tlscacert CA_PATH         Trust certs signed only by this CA
  --tlscert CLIENT_CERT_PATH  Path to TLS certificate file
  --tlskey TLS_KEY_PATH       Path to TLS key file
  --tlsverify                 Use TLS and verify the remote
  --skip-hostname-check       Don't check the daemon's hostname against the name specified
                              in the client certificate (for example if your docker host
                              is an IP address)
  --project-directory PATH    Specify an alternate working directory
                              (default: the path of the Compose file)

Commands:
  build              Build or rebuild services
  bundle             Generate a Docker bundle from the Compose file
  config             Validate and view the Compose file
  create             Create services
  down               Stop and remove containers, networks, images, and volumes
  events             Receive real time events from containers
  exec               Execute a command in a running container
  help               Get help on a command
  images             List images
  kill               Kill containers
  logs               View output from containers
  pause              Pause services
  port               Print the public port for a port binding
  ps                 List containers
  pull               Pull service images
  push               Push service images
  restart            Restart services
  rm                 Remove stopped containers
  run                Run a one-off command
  scale              Set number of containers for a service
  start              Start services
  stop               Stop services
  top                Display the running processes
  unpause            Unpause services
  up                 Create and start containers
  version            Show the Docker-Compose version information

官网的例子，描述非常详细，本处不再复述，详见链接：
https://docs.docker.com/compose/gettingstarted

通过发布3个APP(App1,App2,App3），来演示Docker在服务发布、网络、共享分区以及信息隔离与连通方面的工作，详见链接：
http://blog.csdn.net/yl_1314/article/details/53761049

问题合集

Creating network "composetest_default" with the default driver
ERROR: Failed to Setup IP tables: Unable to enable SKIP DNAT rule: (iptables failed: iptables --wait -t nat -I DOCKER -i br-529e7cd3bb6a -j RETURN: iptables: No chain/target/match by that name.
(exit status 1))

场景：官网例子，执行 docker-compose up 报出
解决：发现 “/etc/sysconfig/iptables” 不存在，执行“iptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/iptables”，编辑产生的iptables文件，为*filter 和 *nat 增加 ”:DOCKER - [0:0]“。然后执行 ”sudo systemctl restart iptables.service“。重试解决。
Failed to restart iptables.service: Unit not found.
场景：执行“sudo systemctl restart iptables.service” 报出
解决：“whereis iptables” 发现没有安装，执行”yum install iptables-services“，安装完成后解决。
Creating network "composetest_default" with the default driver
ERROR: unable to insert jump to DOCKER-ISOLATION rule in FORWARD chain: (iptables failed: iptables --wait -I FORWARD -j DOCKER-ISOLATION: iptables v1.4.21: Couldn't load target `DOCKER-ISOLATION':No such file or directory
场景：官网例子，执行 docker-compose up 报出
解决：执行"systemctl restart docker" 。在解决问题1后，未重启docker导致。重启后，官网例子可正常进行。
bash: ping: command not found。容器内bash没有 ping 工具
场景：例子二执行 ”docker-compose exec App1 bash“，后执行”ping“报出。
解决：执行”whereis ping“ 发现没有安装ping。执行”apt-get update“，”apt install iputils-ping # ping“ 安装后正常。
容器启动会，几秒钟自动退出
场景：执行自己写的docker-compose.yml 时发生
解决：容器内进程退出了容器会立马退出，容器内最后一个进程如果在后台运行容器也会立马退出。加上启动的命令就行了, 比如/bin/bash
"NOTICE: PHP message: PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected 'class' (T_CLASS), expecting identifier (T_STRING) or variable (T_VARIABLE) or '{' or '$' in /data1/php_release/xsbn/govzf-web/backend/public/index.php on line 52"
场景：“实战”部署php环境时报出。经检查代码确实没错，逐步排查发现部分依赖框架方法找不到。怀疑是版本问题引起。当前php、php-fpm为5.4，升级至5.6
// 更新版本
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/epel-release.rpm
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
yum install php56w.x86_64 php56w-cli.x86_64 php56w-common.x86_64 php56w-gd.x86_64 php56w-ldap.x86_64 php56w-mbstring.x86_64 php56w-mcrypt.x86_64 php56w-mysql.x86_64 php56w-pdo.x86_64
yum install php56w-fpm
升级后问题解决。（版本问题真难查啊。）
[pool php-fpm-004] child 76 said into stderr: "NOTICE: PHP message: PHP Fatal error: Class 'redis' not found in /data1/php_release/xsbn/govzf-web/backend/kernel/Util/Http/RedisDatabase.php on line 68"
场景：“实战”项目php环境启动报错
解决：php -m|grep redis 发现没有安装redis模块。Dockerfile 中加入 RUN yum -y install php56w-pecl-redis.x86_64。
其他：日志中各种路径报错、文件权限报错、域名报错等，根据日志提示，一一解决。