python核心编程学习笔记-2016-10-01-01-客户端COM编程

        23.1

#-*-coding: utf-8-*-

from time import ctime
from urllib import urlopen

ticks = ('YHOO', 'GOOG', 'EBAY', 'AMZN')
URL = 'http://quote.yahoo.com/d/quotes.csv?s=%s&f=sl1c1p2' # f=sl1c1p2中的s、l1、c1和p2分别代表股票订单号、上次交易价格、变化量和变化率

print '\nPrice quoted as of:', ctime()
print '\nTICKER'.ljust(9), 'PRICE'.ljust(8), 'GHG'.ljust(5), '%AGE'
print '------'.ljust(8), '-----'.ljust(8), '---'.ljust(5), '----'
u = urlopen(URL % ','.join(ticks))

for row in u:
    tick, price, chg, per = row.split(',')
    print eval(tick).ljust(7), ('%.2f' % round(float(price), 2)).rjust(6), chg.rjust(6), eval(per.rstrip()).rjust(6)

u.close()

         23.2 

         客户端COM编程：启动一个程序，并允许代码访问该应用程序提供的方法，被称为客户端的COM编程。

         服务端COM编程：实现一个COM对象供其他客户端调用则被称为服务端的COM编程。

         COM是组件对象模型。

         一般步骤：

1. 启动应用程序；
2. 打开要编辑的文档；
3. 显示应用程序（如果有必要的话）；
4. 对文档做一定的操作；
5. 保存或放弃文档；
6. 推出    

         excel.py

#-*-coding: utf-8-*-

from Tkinter import Tk
from time import sleep
from tkMessageBox import showwarning # 导入Tkinter和tkMessageBox是为了使用showwarning消息框来终止演示
import win32com.client as win32

warn = lambda app: showwarning(app, 'Exit?')
RANGE = range(3, 8)

def excel():
    app = 'Excel'
    x1 = win32.gencache.EnsureDispatch('%s.Application' % app) # 指定应用程序？第一步
    ss = x1.Workbooks.Add() # 添加工作簿？
    sh = ss.ActiveSheet # 正在显示的活动表格的句柄？第二步
    x1.Visible = True # Visble必须标记为True，这样才能让应用程序显示在桌面上。就是第三步
    sleep(1)

    # 本程序的应用部分，第四步
    sh.Cells(1,1).Value = 'Python-to-%s Demo' % app # 演示的标题，被写在左上角的第一格，即A1。
    sleep(1)
    for i in RANGE:
        sh.Cells(i,1).Value = 'Line %d' % i # 在i1写入Line i
        sleep(1)
    sh.Cells(i+2,1).Value = "Th-th-th-that's all folks!" # 在A9显示Th-th-th-that's all folks!

    warn(app) # 弹出showwarning对话框，显示内容见warn匿名函数的定义
    ss.Close(False) # 表示电子表格关闭时不会被保存，但是本人在演示时仍然弹出是否保存的对话框。第五步
    x1.Application.Quit() # 退出应用，第六步

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Tk().withdraw() # 隐藏顶层窗口
    excel()

        word.py

#-*-coding: utf-8-*-

# Word的例子与Excel的例子，但是前两次运行出错，第三次运行正常，不知道这是怎么回事。

from Tkinter import Tk
from time import sleep
from tkMessageBox import showwarning
import win32com.client as win32

warn = lambda app: showwarning(app, 'Exit?')
RANGE = range(3, 8)

def word():
    app = 'Word'
    word = win32.gencache.EnsureDispatch('%s.Application' % app)
    doc = word.Documents.Add()
    word.Visible = True
    sleep(1)

    rng = doc.Range(0,0)
    rng.InsertAfter('Python-to-%s Test\r\n\r\n' % app) # 与Excel不同的是，要写明行结束符，即回车换行
    sleep(1)
    for i in RANGE:
        rng.InsertAfter('Line %d\r\n' % i)
        sleep(1)
    rng.InsertAfter("\r\nTh-th-th-that's all folks!\r\n")
    
    warn(app)
    doc.Close(False)
    word.Application.Quit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Tk().withdraw()
    word()

       ppoint.py

#-*-coding: utf-8-*-

# 本演示报错，不解为何

from Tkinter import Tk
from time import sleep
from tkMessageBox import showwarning
import win32com.client as win32

warn = lambda app: showwarning(app, 'Exit?')
RANGE = range(3, 8)

def ppoint():
    app = 'PowerPoint'
    ppoint = win32.gencache.EnsureDispatch('%s.Application' % app)
    pres = ppoint.Presentations.Add()
    ppoint.Visible = True

    s1 = pres.Slides.Add(1, win32.constants.ppLayoutText)
    sleep(1)
    sla = s1.Shapes[0].TextFrame.TextRange
    sla.Text = 'Python-to-%s Demo' % app
    sleep(1)
    slb = s1.Shapes[1].TextFrame.TextRange
    for i in RANGE:
        slb.InsertAfter("Line %d\r\n" % i)
        sleep(1)
    slb.InsertAfter("\r\nTh-th-th-that's all folks!")

    warn(app)
    pres.Close()
    ppoint.Quit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Tk().withdraw()
    ppoint()

      olook.py

#-*-coding: utf-8-*-

from Tkinter import Tk
from time import sleep
from tkMessageBox import showwarning
import win32com.client as win32

warn = lambda app: showwarning(app, 'Exit?')
RANGE = range(3, 8)

def outlook():
    app = 'Outlook'
    olook = win32.gencache.EnsureDispatch('%s.Application' % app)
    
    mail = olook.CreateItem(win32.constants.olMailItem)
    recip = mail.Recipients.Add('you@127.0.0.1')
    subj = mail.Subject = 'Python-to-%s Demo' % app
    body = ["Line %d" % i for i in RANGE]
    body.insert(0, '%s\r\n' % subj)
    body.append("\r\nTh-th-th-that's all folks!")
    mail.Body = '\r\n'.join(body)
    mail.Send()

    ns = olook
    obox = ns.GetDefaultFolder(win32.constants.olFolderOutbox)
    obox.Display()
    obox.Items.Item(1).Display()

    warn(app)
    olook.Quit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Tk().withdraw()
    outlook()

        estock.py

#-*-coding: utf-8-*-

# 就是之前的stock.py和excel.py结合起来

from Tkinter import Tk
from time import sleep, ctime
from tkMessageBox import showwarning
from urllib import urlopen
import win32com.client as win32

warn = lambda app: showwarning(app, 'Exit?')
RANGE = range(3, 8)
TICKS = ('YHOO', 'GOOG', 'EBAY', 'AMZN')
COLS = ('TICKS', 'PRICE', 'CHG', '%AGE')
URL = 'http://quote.yahoo.com/d/quotes.csv?s=%s&f=sl1c1p2'

def excel():
    app = 'Excel'
    x1 = win32.gencache.EnsureDispatch('%s.Application' % app)
    ss = x1.Workbooks.Add()
    sh = ss.ActiveSheet
    x1.Visible = True
    sleep(1)

    sh.Cells(1, 1).Value = 'Python-to-%s Stock Quote Demo' % app
    sleep(1)
    sh.Cells(3, 1).Value = 'Prices quoted as of: %s' % ctime()
    sleep(1)
    for i in range(4):
        sh.Cells(5, i+1).Value = COLS[i]
    sleep(1)
    sh.Range(sh.Cells(5, 1), sh.Cells(5, 4)).Font.Bold = True
    sleep(1)
    row = 6

    u = urlopen(URL % ','.join(TICKS))
    for data in u:
        tick, price, chg, per = data.split(',')
        sh.Cells(row, 1).Value = eval(tick)
        sh.Cells(row, 2).Value = ('%.2f' % round(float(price), 2))
        sh.Cells(row, 3).Value = chg
        sh.Cells(row, 4).Value = eval(per.rstrip())
        row += 1
        sleep(1)
    u.close()

    warn(app)
    ss.Close(False)
    x1.Application.Quit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Tk().withdraw()
    excel()