android中的保存数据方法

android中保存数据的方式有

1，云存储（网络保存），

2，本地SharedPreferences保存少量数据，

3，本地文件流保存，

4，本地数据库保存。

下面讲的第2，3，4点；

2.SharedPreferences为程序持久化保存少量值：

<span style="font-size:18px;">获取SharedPreferences sharedPref = getActivity().getPreferences(Context.MODE_PRIVATE);</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">或者SharedPreferences sharedPref = getSharedPreferences(name, mode) 如果该文件不存在会自动创建</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">
</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">写入， SharedPreferences sharedPref =
	  getActivity().getPreferences(Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
	  SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPref.edit();
	  editor.putInt(getString(R.string.saved_high_score), newHighScore);
	  editor.commit();</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">读取， SharedPreferences sharedPref =
	  getActivity().getPreferences(Context.MODE_PRIVATE); </span>

<span style="font-size:18px;"><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>int defaultValue =getResources().getInteger(R.string.saved_high_score_default); </span>

<span style="font-size:18px;"><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>long highScore = sharedPref.getInt(getString(R.string.saved_high_score),defaultValue);</span>

3.本地文件存储
存储路径又分为内部和外部存储。早期的手机设备区分的很明显。现在的手机可能会将一个存储空间直接划分成 这两个部分。内部存储，通常可用的，不用担心它悬挂，是app安装的路径（默认的，当然可以指定 app的安装路径android:installLocation），当app卸载后，app相关的文件会随之删除。当你想要用户和其他app无法访问该app的文件的时候可以考虑设置路径为这个。

内部路径，getFilesDir()，getCacheDir()

 外部存储，通常是不可用的，因为用户会手动移除或者悬挂，所有在访问之前要判断外部存储的状态。

<span style="font-size:18px;">public boolean isExternalStorageWritable() { </span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">String state =Environment.getExternalStorageState(); </span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">if(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) { </span>

<span style="font-size:18px;"><span style="white-space:pre">	</span>return true; </span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">} </span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">return false;</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">}</span>

存储在这里的文件是可以被任何人和任何app访问的，而且当app卸载后，该文件不会自动删除，容易 造成垃圾文件。

 使用外部存储空间，需要添加权限，<manifest ...> <uses-permission
 android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /> ...
 </manifest> 

4.SQLiteOpenHelper数据库存储;步骤如下，

<span style="font-size:18px;">a.自定义类继承SQLiteOpenHelper
		  public class FeedReaderDbHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
	    // If you change the database schema, you must increment the database version.
	    public static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
	    public static final String DATABASE_NAME = "FeedReader.db";
	
	    public FeedReaderDbHelper(Context context) {
	        super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
	    }
	    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
	        db.execSQL(SQL_CREATE_ENTRIES);
	    }
	    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
	        // This database is only a cache for online data, so its upgrade policy is
	        // to simply to discard the data and start over
	        db.execSQL(SQL_DELETE_ENTRIES);
	        onCreate(db);
	    }
	    public void onDowngrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
	        onUpgrade(db, oldVersion, newVersion);
	    }
	}</span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">private static final String TEXT_TYPE = " TEXT";
		private static final String COMMA_SEP = ",";
		private static final String SQL_CREATE_ENTRIES =
		    "CREATE TABLE " + FeedEntry.TABLE_NAME + " (" +
		    FeedEntry._ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY," +
		    FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_ENTRY_ID + TEXT_TYPE + COMMA_SEP +
		    FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_TITLE + TEXT_TYPE + COMMA_SEP +
		    ... // Any other options for the CREATE command
		    " )";
		
		private static final String SQL_DELETE_ENTRIES =
		    "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + FeedEntry.TABLE_NAME;
		    
		    public final class FeedReaderContract {
		    // To prevent someone from accidentally instantiating the contract class,
		    // give it an empty constructor.
		    public FeedReaderContract() {}
		
		    Inner class that defines the table contents 
		    public static abstract class FeedEntry implements BaseColumns {
		        public static final String TABLE_NAME = "entry";
		        public static final String COLUMN_NAME_ENTRY_ID = "entryid";
		        public static final String COLUMN_NAME_TITLE = "title";
		        public static final String COLUMN_NAME_SUBTITLE = "subtitle";
		        ...
		    }
		}</span>

下面的增删查改都需要在子线程中进行;

<span style="font-size:18px;">b.写入数据，
					// Gets the data repository in write mode
			SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
			
			// Create a new map of values, where column names are the keys
			ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
			values.put(FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_ENTRY_ID, id);
			values.put(FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_TITLE, title);
			values.put(FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_CONTENT, content);
			
			// Insert the new row, returning the primary key value of the new row
			long newRowId;
			newRowId = db.insert(
			         FeedEntry.TABLE_NAME,
			         FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_NULLABLE,
			         values);
			         
		c.读出数据，
			SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
			
			// Define a projection that specifies which columns from the database
			// you will actually use after this query.
			String[] projection = {
			    FeedEntry._ID,
			    FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_TITLE,
			    FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_UPDATED,
			    ...
			    };
			
			// How you want the results sorted in the resulting Cursor
			String sortOrder =
			    FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_UPDATED + " DESC";
			
			Cursor c = db.query(
			    FeedEntry.TABLE_NAME,  // The table to query
			    projection,                               // The columns to return
			    selection,                                // The columns for the WHERE clause
			    selectionArgs,                            // The values for the WHERE clause
			    null,                                     // don't group the rows
			    null,                                     // don't filter by row groups
			    sortOrder                                 // The sort order
			    );
			    
		d.删除数据，
					// Define 'where' part of query.
			String selection = FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_ENTRY_ID + " LIKE ?";
			// Specify arguments in placeholder order.
			String[] selectionArgs = { String.valueOf(rowId) };
			// Issue SQL statement.
			db.delete(table_name, selection, selectionArgs);
			
		e.更新数据，
			SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
			// New value for one column
			ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
			values.put(FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_TITLE, title);
			// Which row to update, based on the ID
			String selection = FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_ENTRY_ID + " LIKE ?";
			String[] selectionArgs = { String.valueOf(rowId) };
			int count = db.update(
			    FeedReaderDbHelper.FeedEntry.TABLE_NAME,
			    values,
			    selection,
			    selectionArgs);</span>