Scala继承

继承

抽象类

• 定义抽象类需要使用关键字abstract
• 定义抽象类的抽象方法不需要使用关键字abstract
• 抽象类中定义的字段没给初值就是抽象字段，必须给出类型声明
• 子类重载父类的抽象成员，override可选；重载父类的非抽象成员，override必须加
• 只能重载val类型字段，不能重载var类型字段

abstract class Car{
    val carBrand:String//字段没有初始化值，就是一个抽象字段
    def info()//抽象方法
    def greeting(){
        println("Welcome to my Car!")
    }
}
class BMWCar extends Car{
    override val carBrand:String="BMW"
    def info(){
        printf("This is a %s car.It is expensive.\n",carBrand)
    }
    override def greeting(){
        println("Welcome to my BMW Car!")
    }
}
class BYDCar extends Car{
    override val carBrand:String="BYD"
    def info(){
        printf("This is a %s car.It is cheap.\n",carBrand)
    }
    override def greeting(){
        println("Welcome to my BYD Car!")
    }
}
object MyCar{
    def main(args:Array[String]){
        val myCar1=new BMWCar()
        val myCar2=new BYDCar()
        myCar1.greeting()
        myCar1.info()
        myCar2.greeting()
        myCar2.info()
    }
}

scala类的层次结构

Option类

• 是一个抽象类，有个子类Some，有值时，封装成Some对象返回，没有纸返回None对象

case class Book(val name:String,val price:Double)
val books=Map("hadoop"->Book("Hadoop",35.5),"spark"->Book("Spark",55.5),"hbase"->Book("Hbase",26.0))//定义一个书名到书对象的映射
books.get("hadoop")//返回该键所对应值的Some对象,Option[Book]=Some(Book(Hadoop,35.5))
books.get("hive")//不存在该键，返回None对象，Option[Book]=None
books.get("hadoop").get//Some对象的get方法返回其包装的对象，Book=Book(Hadoop,35.5)
books.get("hive").get//None对象的get方法会抛出异常
books.get("hive").getOrElse(Book("UnKnown name",0))//Book=Book(UnKnown name,0.0)