之前看过一个视频,讲的主要是如何通过多线程模拟高并发访问。当时还没接触CountdownLatch这个类,之前有了解过进程间的通信方式,例如信号量、消息队列等。这篇文章主要研究 CountdownLatch 这个类的基本用法,以及如何实现多个线程同时运行。
CountdownLatch,一个同步辅助类,在完成一组正在其他线程中执行的操作之前,他允许一个或多个线程一直等待。
主要方法
public CountDownLatch(int count);
public void countDown();
public void await() throws InterruptException
CountDownLatch构造方法中的 count 参数指定了技术的次数。
countDown()方法,当前线程调用此方法,则计数减一
await() 方法,调用此方法会一直阻塞当前线程,知道计时器的值为0
package countdownlatch;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
public class demo1 {
private static void runDAfterABC() {
int worker = 3;
CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(worker);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("D is waiting for other three threads");
try {
countDownLatch.await();
System.out.println("All done, D starts working");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
for (char threadName = 'A'; threadName <= 'C'; threadName++) {
final String tN = String.valueOf(threadName);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println(tN+" is working");
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(tN+" finished");
countDownLatch.countDown();
}
}).start();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
runDAfterABC();
}
}
执行结果
D is waiting for other three threads
A is working
B is working
C is working
A finished
C finished
B finished
All done, D starts working
执行过程:
- 首先,创建一个计数器,设置 count 的初始值,程序中的数值设置为3;
- 在执行了线程 D 之后,调用 countDownLatch.await()方法,将会进入阻塞状态,知道 countDownLatch 的 count 参数值为0;
- 在其他线程里,调用 countDownLatch.countDown() 方法,调用该方法会将计数值 减 1;
- 当其他线程中的 countDown() 方法把计数值变成 0 时,等待线程里的 countDownLatch.await() 立即退出,执行下面的代码