【JavaSE_07】Java中类和对象-封装特性--练习

1.编写封装一个学生类,有姓名,有年龄,有性别,有英语成绩,数学成绩,语文成绩,一个学生类,我们关注姓名,年龄,学历等信息,要求年龄必须在19-40岁之间,默认为19,学历必须是大专,本科,研究生这几个值的范围内,默认为大专。创建对象,测试其相关方法

类的创建:

/**
 * 3.编写一个学生类,我们关注姓名,年龄,学历等信息,
 * 要求年龄必须在19-40岁之间,默认为19,学历必须是大专,
 * 本科,研究生这几个值的范围内,默认为大专。创建对象,测试其相关方法
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Student {
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private String education;
	
	//set get
	public void setName(String name){
		this.name=name;//这里必须加this,因为出现了局部变量和成员变量重名,必须指明name是哪个,下面同理
	}
	public String getName(){
		return this.name;
	}
	public void setAge(int age){
		if(age<19||age>40){
			this.age=19;
		}else{
			this.age=age;
		}	
	}
	public int getAge(){
		return this.age;
	}
	public void setEducation(String education){
		if(education.equals("大专")||education.equals("本科")||education.equals("研究生")){
			this.education=education;
		}else{
			this.education="大专";
		}
	}
	public String getEducation(){
		return this.education;
	}
	
}

类的测试:


public class StudentTest {
	public static void main(String[] args){
		//1,创建对象
		Student student=new Student();
		//2,赋值
		student.setName("张三");
		student.setAge(28);
		student.setEducation("本科");
		//3,获取
		System.out.println(student.getName());
		System.out.println(student.getAge());
		System.out.println(student.getEducation());
		
		System.out.println();
		//再创建一个对象.用于验证不符合条件情况
		Student student2=new Student();
		student2.setName("李四");
		student2.setAge(10);
		student2.setEducation("博士");
		System.out.println(student2.getName());
		System.out.println(student2.getAge());
		System.out.println(student2.getEducation());
	}
}

2.封装方法,求总分,平均分,最高分,最低分,以及打印学生的信息。创建对象,测试其相关方法

类的创建:

/**
 * 4.封装一个学生类,有姓名,有年龄,有性别,有英语成绩,数学成绩,
 * 语文成绩,封装方法,求总分,平均分,最高分,最低分,
 * 以及打印学生的信息。创建对象,测试其相关方法
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Student2 {
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private String sex;
	private double english;
	private double math;
	private double chinese;
	
	//set get
	public void setName(String name){
		this.name=name;
	}
	public String getName(){
		return this.name;
	}
	public void setAge(int age){
		this.age=age;
		
	}
	public int getAge(){
		return this.age;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex){
		this.sex=sex;
	}
	public String getSex(){
		return this.sex;
	}
	public void setEnglish(double english){
		this.english=english;
	}
	public double getEnglish(){
		return this.english;
	}
	public void setMath(double math){
		this.math=math;
	}
	public double getMath(){
		return this.math;
	}
	public void setChinese(double chinese){
		this.chinese=chinese;
	}
	public double getChinese(){
		return this.chinese;
	}
	
	//构造函数实现直接给属性赋值
	public Student2(){}
	
	public Student2(String name,int age,String sex,double english,double math,double chinese){
		this.setName(name);
		this.setAge(age);
		this.setSex(sex);
		this.setEnglish(english);
		this.setMath(math);
		this.setChinese(chinese);
	}
	
	
	
	//getSum
	public double getSum(){
		return this.english+this.math+this.chinese;
	}
	//getAverage
	public double getAverage(){
		return this.getSum()/3;
	}
	//getMax
	public double getMax(){
		double max=this.english>this.math?this.english:this.math;
		max=max>this.chinese?max:this.chinese;
		return max;
	}
	//getMin
	public double getMin(){
		double min=this.english<this.math?this.english:this.math;
		min=min<this.chinese?min:this.chinese;
		return math;
	}
	
	
}

类的测试:


public class Student2Test {
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Student2 student=new Student2("张飞",99,"男",88,77,79);
		
		
		System.out.println(student.getName()+"成绩分析如下:");
		System.out.println("总分:"+student.getSum());
		System.out.println("平均分:"+student.getAverage());
		System.out.println("最高分分:"+student.getMax());
		System.out.println("最低分:"+student.getMin());
		
		System.out.println();
		//也可以和上一个例题一个个赋值
		Student2 student2=new Student2();
		student2.setName("刘备");
		student2.setAge(78);
		student2.setEnglish(99);
		student2.setMath(88);
		student2.setChinese(89);
		System.out.println(student2.getName()+"成绩分析如下:");
		System.out.println("总分:"+student2.getSum());
		System.out.println("平均分:"+student2.getAverage());
		System.out.println("最高分分:"+student2.getMax());
		System.out.println("最低分:"+student2.getMin());
	}
}

3.编写一个随机点名系统,两个功能,一个是抽取学员回答问题,一个是记录学员被命中的次数

类的创建:

package day09;
/**
 * 编写一个随机点名系统,两个功能,
 * 一个是抽取学员回答问题,一个是记录学员被命中的次数
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class NameSystem {
	private String name;
	private int times;
	
	//构造方法
	public NameSystem(){
		
	}
	public NameSystem(String name,int times){
		this.setName(name);
		this.setTimes(times);
	}
	//set get
	public void setName(String name){
		this.name=name;
	}
	public void setTimes(int times){
		this.times=times;
	}
	public String getName(){
		return this.name;
	}
	public int getTimes(){
		return this.times;
	}
}

类的调用:

package day09;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class NameSystemTest {
	public static void main(String[] args){
		//1,创建对象
		/*
		NameSystem[] persons=new NameSystem[5];
		persons[0].setName("张三");
		persons[0].setTimes(0);
		//动态赋值
		persons[0]=new NameSystem("小李",0);
		persons[1]=new NameSystem("小张",0);
		persons[2]=new NameSystem("小王",0);
		persons[3]=new NameSystem("小明",0);
		persons[4]=new NameSystem("小刚",0);*/
		//静态赋值
		NameSystem[] persons={new NameSystem("小李",0),new NameSystem("小张",0),
				new NameSystem("小王",0),new NameSystem("小明",0),new NameSystem("小刚",0)};
		Scanner input=new Scanner(System.in);
		String isContinue;
		//2,点名
		do{
			int index=(int)(Math.random()*persons.length);
			System.out.println("本次抽中的学员是:"+persons[index].getName());
			persons[index].setTimes(persons[index].getTimes()+1);
			System.out.println("继续请输入y,其他任意键退出");
			isContinue=input.next();
		}while(isContinue.equals("y"));
		System.out.println("本次点名的结果统计:");
		for(NameSystem p:persons){
			System.out.println(p.getName()+":"+p.getTimes());
		}
		
		//关闭io流
		input.close();
		
	}
}

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