JUC详解-7-juc常用辅助类-CountDownLatch+CyclicBarrier+Semaphore

JUC详解 -> 常用辅助类(必会)

1. CountDownLatch

减法计数器

代码测试：

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

//减法计数器
public class CountDownLatchDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        //倒计时，总数是6
        CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(6);
        for (int i = 1; i <= 6 ; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" go out");
                countDownLatch.countDown();  //-1
            },String.valueOf(i)).start();
        }
        countDownLatch.await(); //等待计数器归零，然后再向下执行
        System.out.println("Close door");
    }
}

原理：

​ countDownLatch.countDown();

​ countDownLatch.await();

​ 每次有线程调用countDown()数量减一，假设计数器变为0，await()就会被唤醒，继续执行

2. CyclicBarrier

加法计数器

代码测试

import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;

public class CyclicBarrierDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        /**
         * 集齐7颗龙珠召唤神龙
         */
        CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(7,()->{
            System.out.println("召唤神龙成功");
        });

        for (int i = 1; i <= 7 ; i++) {
            final int temp = i;
            new Thread(()->{
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"收集了"+temp+"个龙珠");

                try {
                    cyclicBarrier.await();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }).start();
        }
    }
}

3. Semaphore

信号量

• 抢车位：6个车3个车位 123 456 --> 124 56 --> 524 6

代码测试:

package com.anobabe.add;

import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class SemaphoreDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //参数可以理解为线程数量; 限流！
        //3个停车位
        Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(3);

        for (int i = 1; i <= 6 ; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                //acquire() 得到
                try {
                    semaphore.acquire();
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"抢到了车位");
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"离开了车位");

                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    //release() 释放
                    semaphore.release();
                }


            },String.valueOf(i)).start();

        }
    }
}

• 原理：
  • semaphore.acquire()获得，假如已经满了，等待被释放为止
  • semaphore.release()释放，会将当前的信号量释放+1，然后唤醒等待的线程
• 作用：
  • 多个共享资源互斥的使用！
  • 并发限流！控制最大的线程数！