Java使用HttpClient发送http(get、post)请求

1.maven项目pom.xml中添加依赖
　　<dependency>
　　　<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
　　　<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
　　　<version>4.5.8</version>
　　</dependency>
　　<dependency>
　　　<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
　　　<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
　　　<version>1.2.54</version>
　　</dependency>

2.创建HttpClientService Java类　
package com.modules.util;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

/**

• HttpClient发送GET、POST请求

• @author yuqiang

• @date 2020-04-28
  /
  public class HttpClientService {
  private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClient.class);
  /*
  * 返回成功状态码
  */
  private static final int SUCCESS_CODE = 200;

  /**
  * 发送GET请求

  • @param url 请求url

  • @param nameValuePairList 请求参数

  • @return JSON或者字符串

  • @throws Exception
    */
    public static Object sendGet(String url, List nameValuePairList) throws Exception{
    JSONObject jsonObject = null;
    CloseableHttpClient client = null;
    CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
    try{
    //创建HttpClient对象
    client = HttpClients.createDefault();
    //创建URIBuilder
    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url);
    //设置参数
    uriBuilder.addParameters(nameValuePairList);
    //创建HttpGet
    HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build());
    //设置请求头部编码
    httpGet.setHeader(new BasicHeader(“Content-Type”, “application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8”));
    //设置返回编码
    httpGet.setHeader(new BasicHeader(“Accept”, “text/plain;charset=utf-8”));
    //请求服务
    response = client.execute(httpGet);
    //获取响应码
    int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

     if (SUCCESS_CODE == statusCode){
     	//获取返回对象
         HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
         //通过EntityUitls获取返回内容
         String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");
         //转换成json,根据合法性返回json或者字符串
         try{
             jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
             return jsonObject;
         }catch (Exception e){
             return result;
         }
     }else{
         LOGGER.error("HttpClient-line: {}, errorMsg{}", 97, "GET请求失败！");
     }
    

    }catch (Exception e){
    LOGGER.error(“HttpClient-line: {}, Exception: {}”, 100, e);
    } finally {
    response.close();
    client.close();
    }
    return null;
    }

  /**
  * 发送POST请求

  • @param url

  • @param nameValuePairList

  • @return JSON或者字符串

  • @throws Exception
    */
    public static Object sendPost(String url,JSONObject json){
    // List nameValuePairList = null;

    JSONObject jsonObject = null;
    CloseableHttpClient client = null;
    CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
    try{
    //创建一个httpclient对象
    client = HttpClients.createDefault();
    //创建一个post对象
    HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
    //包装成一个Entity对象
    // StringEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList, “UTF-8”);
    StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json.toJSONString(), “UTF-8”);
    entity.setContentType(new BasicHeader(“Content-Type”, “application/json; charset=utf-8”));
    //设置请求的内容
    post.setEntity(entity);
    //设置请求的报文头部的编码
    // post.setHeader(new BasicHeader(“Content-Type”, “application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8”));
    post.setHeader(new BasicHeader(“Content-Type”, “application/json; charset=utf-8”));
    //设置请求的报文头部的编码
    post.setHeader(new BasicHeader(“Accept”, “text/plain;charset=utf-8”));
    //执行post请求
    response = client.execute(post);
    //获取响应码
    int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
    if (SUCCESS_CODE == statusCode){
    //通过EntityUitls获取返回内容
    String result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),“UTF-8”);
    //转换成json,根据合法性返回json或者字符串
    try{
    jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
    return jsonObject;
    }catch (Exception e){
    return result;
    }
    }else{
    LOGGER.error(“HttpClient-line: {}, errorMsg：{}”, 146, “POST请求失败！”);
    }
    }catch (Exception e){
    LOGGER.error(“HttpClient-line: {}, Exception：{}”, 149, e);
    }finally {
    try {
    response.close();
    client.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    return null;
    }

  /**

  • 组织请求参数{参数名和参数值下标保持一致}
  • @param params 参数名数组
  • @param values 参数值数组
  • @return 参数对象
    /
    public static List getParams(Object[] params, Object[] values){
    /*
    • 校验参数合法性
      */
      boolean flag = params.length>0 && values.length>0 && params.length == values.length;
      if (flag){
      List nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<>();
      for(int i =0; i<params.length; i++){
      nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(params[i].toString(),values[i].toString()));
      }
      return nameValuePairList;
      }else{
      LOGGER.error(“HttpClientService-line: {}, errorMsg：{}”, 197, “参数解析失败”);
      }
      return null;
      }

  /**

  • 组织请求参数{参数名和参数值下标保持一致}
  • @param params 参数名数组
  • @param values 参数值数组
  • @return 参数对象(JSON对象)
    /
    public static JSONObject getJsonParams(Object[] params, Object[] values){
    /*
    • 校验参数合法性
      */
      boolean flag = params.length>0 && values.length>0 && params.length == values.length;
      if (flag){
      JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
      for(int i =0; i<params.length; i++){
      jsonObject.put(params[i].toString(),values[i]);
      }
      return jsonObject;
      }else{
      LOGGER.error(“HttpClientService-line: {}, errorMsg：{}”, 197, “参数解析失败”);
      }
      return null;
      }
      }

3.调用方式
//调用get

    //参数名
    Object [] params = new Object[]{param1,param2...};
    //参数值
    Object [] values = new Object[]{val1,val2...};
    //获取参数对象
    List<NameValuePair> paramsList = HttpClientService.getParams(params, values);
    //发送get
    Object result = null;
	try {
		result = HttpClientService.sendGet(url, paramsList);
	} catch (Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}

//调用post

    //参数名
    Object [] params = new Object[]{param1,param2...};
    
    //参数值(json对象结构的参数)
    JSONObject dataJsonObject = new JSONObject();
    JSONObject name1 = new JSONObject();
    name1.put("value", "测试医生");
    JSONObject time2 = new JSONObject();
    time2.put("value", "2020年05月06日 10:21");
    JSONObject thing3 = new JSONObject();
    thing3.put("value", "处方已开具,请查看");
    dataJsonObject.put("name1", name1);
    dataJsonObject.put("time2", time2);
    dataJsonObject.put("thing3", thing3);
    Object [] values = new Object[]{val1,val2...,dataJsonObject};
    
    //获取参数对象
    JSONObject json = HttpClientService.getJsonParams(params, values);
    
    //发送post
    Object result = HttpClientService.sendPost(url, json);