谈谈IEnumerable

这篇文章是对IEnumerable接口进行基本介绍以及自己写一个链表的代码
首先看看IEnumerable接口的定义：

    //
    // 摘要:
    //     Exposes an enumerator, which supports a simple iteration over a non-generic collection.
    [NullableContextAttribute(1)]
    public interface IEnumerable
    {
        //
        // 摘要:
        //     Returns an enumerator that iterates through a collection.
        //
        // 返回结果:
        //     An System.Collections.IEnumerator object that can be used to iterate through
        //     the collection.
        IEnumerator GetEnumerator();
    }

简而言之IEnumerable接口中只定义了一个方法 IEnumerator GetEnumerator(); 这个方法的作用就是 使实现了IEnumerable接口的类都必须可以遍历（使用foreach）
我们再来看看IEnumerator接口是啥样

    //     Supports a simple iteration over a non-generic collection.
    public interface IEnumerator
    {
        //
        // 摘要:
        //     Gets the element in the collection at the current position of the enumerator.
        //
        // 返回结果:
        //     The element in the collection at the current position of the enumerator.
        object? Current { get; }

        //
        // 摘要:
        //     Advances the enumerator to the next element of the collection.
        //
        // 返回结果:
        //     true if the enumerator was successfully advanced to the next element; false if the enumerator has passed the end of the collection.
        bool MoveNext();

        //     Sets the enumerator to its initial position, which is before the first element in the collection.
        void Reset();
    }

下面总结下实现IEnumerable接口的作用：

1. 可以使用foreach语法
2. 只有实现了IEnumerable<T>接口的类才能使用Linq语句，因为Linq就是一堆IEnumerable<T>的扩展方法。

下面贴一下自己实现的链表的代码，怎样自定义一个链表，你搞得定吗

    public class Node<T> where T : class
    {
        public T Data { get; set; }
        public Node<T> Next { get; set; }

        public Node(){}

        public Node(T data)
        {
            Data = data;
            Next = null;
        }
    }

    public class MyLinkedList<T> : IEnumerable where T : class
    {
        public Node<T> Head = new Node<T>();

        public void Add(T t)
        {
            Node<T> node = Head;
            while (node.Next != null)
            {
                node = node.Next;
            }
            node.Next = new Node<T>(t);
        }

        public T Get()
        {
            Node<T> node = Head;
            while (node.Next != null)
            {
                node = node.Next;
            }
            return node.Data;
        }

        IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
        {
            return new MyEnumerator<T>(Head, Head);
        }
    }

    public class MyEnumerator<T> : IEnumerator where T : class
    {
        Node<T> head;
        Node<T> currnet;

        public MyEnumerator(Node<T> head, Node<T> currnet)
        {
            this.head = head;
            this.currnet = currnet;
        }

        object IEnumerator.Current => currnet;

        public bool MoveNext()
        {
            bool result = false;
            if (currnet.Next != null)
            {
                currnet = currnet.Next;
                result = true;
            }

            return result;
        }

        public void Reset()
        {
            currnet = head;
        }
    }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            MyLinkedList<Person> myLinkedList = new MyLinkedList<Person>();
            myLinkedList.Add(new Person
            {
                Id = 1,
                Name = "爷爷",
                Age = 78
            });

            myLinkedList.Add(new Person
            {
                Id = 2,
                Name = "爸爸",
                Age = 54
            });

            myLinkedList.Add(new Person
            {
                Id = 3,
                Name = "儿子",
                Age = 32
            });

            myLinkedList.Add(new Person
            {
                Id = 4,
                Name = "儿子的儿子",
                Age = 6
            });

            foreach (var per in myLinkedList)
            {
                Node<Person> node = per as Node<Person>;
                Console.WriteLine($"Id:{node.Data.Id}, Name:{node.Data.Name}, Age:{node.Data.Age}");
            }

            Console.ReadKey();
        }

运行结果：