Springboot 文件上传超详细

下面给大家安排一套SpringBoot实现文件上传的demo，从数据库到测试，非常的完善详细。

1.创建表脚本

CREATE TABLE `file`  (
  `id` bigint(225) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '文件ID',
  `name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '文件名',
  `suffix` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '文件类型',
  `path` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '文件相对路径',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) NGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT = '文件表';

2.yaml文件增加文件存储路径

file:
  #上传路径
  path: d:/file/
access:
  base-url:
  	#访问路径
    file: d:/file/

3.实体类

@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class File implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /** 文件ID */
    @TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    /** 文件名 */
    private String name;

    /** 文件类型 */
    private String suffix;

    /** 文件相对路径 */
    private String path;
   
    /** 文件原名字 */
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String oldName;
}

4.文件返回视图类

@Data
@ApiModel("文件")
public class FileVO {
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "文件ID")
    private Long id;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "源文件名")
    private String oldName;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "现文件名")
    private String name;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "文件类型")
    private String suffix;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "访问地址")
    private String url;
}

5.Controller类

@Slf4j
@RestController
@Api(tags = "文件上传接口")
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FileController {

    @Resource
    private FileService fileService;

    @ApiOperation("文件单个上传")
    @PostMapping("/upload")
    public ResultObj uploadByOne(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {

        try (InputStream is = file.getInputStream();
            ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
            IOUtils.copy(is, os);
            byte[] bytes = os.toByteArray();
            FileVO vo = fileService.storeFile(bytes, file.getOriginalFilename());
            return new ResultObj(vo);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("文件上传发生异常 -> {}", e.getMessage());
            return new ResultObj(ResultObj.BAD_REQUEST, errorMessageVo, "上传异常发生", "信息得错误信息");
        }
    }
}

6.Service接口

public interface FileService extends IService<File> {

    /**
     * 文件上传
     * @param content
     * @param originFileName
     * @return
     */
    FileVO storeFile(byte[] content, String originFileName);

}

7.Service接口实现类

@Service
public class FileServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<FileMapper, File> implements FileService {

    @Value("${file.path}")
    private String FILE_PATH;
    @Value("${access.base-url.file}")
    private String ACCESS_BASE_URL;

    private DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMdd");

    @Override
    public FileVO storeFile(byte[] content, String originFileName) {

        // 获取文件后缀 生成目录路径
        // 配置文件里的file.path + yyyyMMdd 格式组成文件夹路径
        String folder = LocalDateTime.now().format(dateTimeFormatter);
        String suffix = originFileName.substring(originFileName.lastIndexOf(".")),
                filePath = FILE_PATH + folder + java.io.File.separatorChar;
        // 保存文件并返回文件名
        String fileName = this.storeFile(content, filePath, suffix);

        // 入库
        File file = new File();
        file.setName(fileName);
        file.setSuffix(suffix);
        file.setPath(folder);
        file.setOldName(originFileName);
        baseMapper.insert(file);
        FileVO result = BeanUtil.toBean(file, FileVO.class);
        result.setUrl(genAccessUrl(folder, fileName));
        result.setId(file.getId());
        return result;
    }

    private String storeFile(byte[] content, String path, String suffix) {
        String fileName = generateFileName(suffix);
        storeFileWithFileName(content, path, fileName);
        return fileName;
    }

    private String generateFileName(String suffix) {
        return generateFileName() + suffix;
    }

    private String genAccessUrl(String folder, String name) {
        return ACCESS_BASE_URL + folder + "/" + name;
    }

    private String generateFileName() {
        return System.currentTimeMillis() + "_" + RandomUtil.randomNumbers(6);
    }
}