求根公式（Latex版）

The Quartic Formula

一次方程的求根公式

$$x=\frac{-b}{a}$$

The linear formula gives the solution of $ax+b=0$ for real numbers $a$, $b$ with $a\ne 0$.

二次方程的求根公式

$$x=\frac{-b\pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}$$

The quadratic formula gives the solutions of $a{x}^2+bx+c=0$ for real numbers $a$, $b$, $c$ with $a\ne 0$.

三次方程的求根公式

$$x=\frac{-2b+(\frac{-1+\sqrt{-3}}{2}{)}^n\sqrt[3]{4(-2b^3+9abc-27a^{2}d+\sqrt{(-2b^3+9abc-27a^{2}d{)}^2-4(b^2-3ac{)}^3})}+(\frac{-1-\sqrt{-3}}{2}{)}^n\sqrt[3]{4(-2b^3+9abc-27a^{2}d-\sqrt{(-2b^3+9abc-27a^{2}d{)}^2-4(b^2-3ac{)}^3})}}{6a}$$

The cubic formula gives the solutions of $a{x}^3+b{x}^2+cx+d=0$ for real numbers $a$, $b$, $c$, $d$ with $a\ne 0$.

Directions: Take $n=0$, $1$, $2$. Use real cube roots if possible, and principal roots otherwise.

四次方程的求根公式

$$x=\frac{-3b\pm (\sqrt{3(3b^2-8ac+2a\sqrt[3]{4(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace+\sqrt{(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace{)}^2-4(c^2-3bd+12ae{)}^3})}+2a\sqrt[3]{4(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace-\sqrt{(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace{)}^2-4(c^2-3bd+12ae{)}^3})})}\pm \sqrt{3(3b^2-8ac+2a(\frac{-1+\sqrt{-3}}{2})\sqrt[3]{4(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace+\sqrt{(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace{)}^2-4(c^2-3bd+12ae{)}^3})}+2a(\frac{-1-\sqrt{-3}}{2}\left)\sqrt[3]{4(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace-\sqrt{(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace{)}^2-4(c^2-3bd+12ae{)}^3})}\right)})\pm \mathrm{sgn}\left(\right(\mathrm{sgn}(-b^3+4abc-8a^{2}d)-\frac{1}{2}\left)\right(\mathrm{sgn}(\max ((2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace{)}^2-4(c^2-3bd+12ae{)}^3,\min (3b^2-8ac,3b^4+16a^2{c}^2+16a^{2}bd-16a{b}^{2}c-64a^{3}e)))-\frac{1}{2}\left)\right)\sqrt{3(3b^2-8ac+2a(\frac{-1-\sqrt{-3}}{2})\sqrt[3]{4(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace+\sqrt{(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace{)}^2-4(c^2-3bd+12ae{)}^3})}+2a(\frac{-1+\sqrt{-3}}{2}\left)\sqrt[3]{4(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace-\sqrt{(2c^3-9bcd+27a{d}^2+27b^{2}e-72ace{)}^2-4(c^2-3bd+12ae{)}^3})}\right)}}{12a}$$

The quartic formula gives the solutions of $a{x}^4+b{x}^3+c{x}^2+dx+e=0$ for real numbers $a$, $b$, $c$, $d$, $e$ with $a\ne 0$.

Directions: Choose all possibilities for the three $\pm$ signs with the last two equivalent. Use real cube roots if possible, and principal roots otherwise.