简单的介绍一下滚动布局 ListView 的用法
发一下效果图 是可以滚动的 :
1,加载ListView布局,设置长和宽为match_parent
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<ListView
android:id="@+id/lv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
>
</ListView>
</LinearLayout>
2,创建Fruit类,作为ListView 的适配器类型
public class Fruit {
private String name ;
private int imageId;
public Fruit(int imageId, String name) {
this.imageId = imageId;
this.name = name;
}
public int getImageId() {
return imageId;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
3,给ListView 的子项指定一个自定义的布局,在layout新建fruit_item.xml ,imageView指定图片,TextView指定名字
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruit_item"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/Tv"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginLeft="50dp"/>
</LinearLayout>
4,创建一个自定义的适配器,这个类继承ArrayAdapter,并将泛型指定为Fruit类。适配器的构造器接收三个参数,不知道意思就看一下在MainActivity中实例化的时候传入的参数,就差不多明白了
public class FruitAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Fruit> {
private int resourceId;
public FruitAdapter(Context context , int textViewResourceId, List<Fruit> objects){
super(context,textViewResourceId,objects);
this.resourceId = textViewResourceId;
}
@NonNull
@Override
//每个子项被滚动到屏幕内会调用这个方法
//concertView 参数,用于将之前加载好的布局进行缓存,以便进行重用
public View getView(int position, View convertView, @NonNull ViewGroup parent) {
Fruit fruit = getItem(position);
View view ;
ViewHolder viewHolder ;
//如果convertView 为null,则加载布局,不为空则对convertView进行重用,避免了每次加载布局
//加入一个内部类ViewHolder 用于对控件的实例进行缓存,避免了每次都要加载控件的实例
//这样就提高了ListView 的运行效率
if(convertView == null){
view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId,parent,false);
viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
viewHolder.fruitImage=(ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_item);
viewHolder.fruitName=(TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.Tv);
view.setTag(viewHolder); //将viewHolder 存储在View中
}else{
view = convertView;
viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
}
viewHolder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
viewHolder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
return view;
}
class ViewHolder{
ImageView fruitImage;
TextView fruitName;
}
}
5,修改MainActivity 的代码,新建集合,初始化要显示的数据,实例化适配器,将适配器对象传给ListView就好了
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
List<Fruit> list ;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ListView listView =(ListView)findViewById(R.id.lv);
init();
FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(MainActivity.this,
R.layout.fruit_item,list);
listView.setAdapter(adapter);
}
private void init() {
list = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 1 ;i<= 50 ;i++){
Fruit f = new Fruit(R.drawable.tab_2,"name"+i);
list.add(f);
}
}
}
这样ListView 的滚动界面就完成了!