安装Mariadb+Apache+php

安装mariadb

1、提升权限

su root

2、安装mariadb-server

yum install mariadb-server

​

3、配置mariadb

开启服务

systemctl start mariadb

设置为开机启动

systemctl enable mariadb

 如图

​

 进行数据库的配置

mysql_secure_installation

可能嫌我密码就一个字符，让我把密码换了 换成了root 

 如下图为详细的过程

Enter current password for root (enter for none):  # 输入数据库超级管理员root的密码(注意不是系统root的密码)，第一次进入还没有设置密码则直接回车

Set root password? [Y/n]  # 设置密码，y

New password:  # 新密码
Re-enter new password:  # 再次输入密码

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]  # 移除匿名用户， y

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]  # 拒绝root远程登录，n，不管y/n，都会拒绝root远程登录

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]  # 删除test数据库，y：删除。n：不删除，数据库中会有一个test数据库，一般不需要

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]  # 重新加载权限表，y。或者重启服务也许

测试是否成功

3、设置MariaDB字符集为utf-8

su root提升到超级管理员权限

/etc/my.cnf 文件

在  [mysqld]  标签下添加

init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake

2）/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf 文件

在  [client]  标签下添加

default-character-set=utf8

 

 

3）/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf  文件

在  [mysql]  标签下添加

default-character-set=utf8

 

 4）重启服务

systemctl restart mariadb

 5）进入mariadb查看字符集

 比对结果

4、远程链接mariadb数据库

1）关闭防火墙

 1、直接关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld

2、或者不关闭防火墙允许端口打开

 首先查看防火墙是否打开

firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp 

 开启3306端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

 重启防火墙

firewall-cmd --reload

查看3306端口是否开启
 

firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp 

select host,user from user;

update user set host='%' where host='localhost';

 

select host,user from user;

flush privileges;

完成连接

安装Apache

 安装前准备

设置静态ip和写入hosts文件省略，我认为局限性太大

第3步：关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld         --临时关闭防火墙 
systemctl disable firewalld      --永久关闭防火墙

第4步：关闭selinux

临时关闭：
setenforce 0

永久关闭：
[root@Apache ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled                 # 将enforcing改为disabled

[root@Apache ~]# reboot   --重启系统永久生效

Apache服务搭建

安装Apache软件

[root@Apache ~]# yum -y install httpd*
[root@Apache ~]# rpm -qa | grep httpd     --查看安装的http包
httpd-manual-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.noarch
httpd-tools-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64

 安装成功以后存在/var/www/html目录，存在/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf文件

httpd.conf文件主要内容

[root@Apache ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
 31 serverRoot "/etc/httpd"           # 存放配置文件的目录
 42 Listen 80           # Apache服务监听端口
 66 User apache     # 子进程的用户
 67 Group apache   # 子进程的组
 86 ServerAdmin root@localhost  # 设置管理员邮件地址
119 DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" --网站家目录
# 设置DocumentRoot指定目录的属性
131 <Directory "/var/www/html">   # 网站容器开始标识
144 Options Indexes FollowSymLinks   # 找不到主页时，以目录的方式呈现，并允许链接到网站根目录以外
151 AllowOverride None                # none不使用.htaccess控制,all允许
156 Require all granted                 # granted表示运行所有访问，denied表示拒绝所有访问
157 </Directory>    # 容器结束
164 DirectoryIndex index.html       # 定义主页文件，当访问到网站目录时如果有定义的主页文件，网站会自动访问
316 AddDefaultCharset UTF-8      # 字符编码，如果中文的话，有可能需要改为gb2312或者gbk,因你的网站文件的默认编码而异

如果修改出错了，下面做备份

#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/> for detailed information.
# In particular, see 
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.  
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so 'log/access_log'
# with ServerRoot set to '/www' will be interpreted by the
# server as '/www/log/access_log', where as '/log/access_log' will be
# interpreted as '/log/access_log'.

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used.  If you wish to share the
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
# least PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to 
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80

#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
Include conf.modules.d/*.conf

#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.  
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User apache
Group apache

# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents.  e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin root@localhost

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80

#
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other 
# <Directory> blocks below.
#
<Directory />
    AllowOverride none
    Require all denied
</Directory>

#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

#
# Relax access to content within /var/www.
#
<Directory "/var/www">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>

# Further relax access to the default document root:
<Directory "/var/www/html">
    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    #
    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    #
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
    AllowOverride None

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    #
    Require all granted
</Directory>

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being 
# viewed by Web clients. 
#
<Files ".ht*">
    Require all denied
</Files>

#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    </IfModule>

    #
    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*
    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
    # logged therein and *not* in this file.
    #
    #CustomLog "logs/access_log" common

    #
    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
    #
    CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>
    #
    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to 
    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client 
    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
    # Example:
    # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar

    #
    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
    # Example:
    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
    #
    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely
    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
    # the filesystem path.

    #
    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. 
    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
    # directives as to Alias.
    #
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

#
# "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
    AllowOverride None
    Options None
    Require all granted
</Directory>

<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    #
    TypesConfig /etc/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    AddType text/html .shtml
    AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>

#
# Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables
# interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default.  To use the 
# default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags
# in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this
# directive:
#
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

<IfModule mime_magic_module>
    #
    # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
    # contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile
    # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
    #
    MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#

#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it, 
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver
# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted 
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
# Defaults if commented: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off
#
#EnableMMAP off
EnableSendfile on

# Supplemental configuration
#
# Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf

使用命令开启service服务，然后查看服务是否已经启动 

[root@Apache ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@Apache ~]# lsof -i:80         --查看httpd服务是否启动
COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
httpd   20585   root    4u  IPv6 402909      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   20586 apache    4u  IPv6 402909      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   20587 apache    4u  IPv6 402909      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   20588 apache    4u  IPv6 402909      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   20589 apache    4u  IPv6 402909      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   20590 apache    4u  IPv6 402909      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

找到自己的地址

  

用命令行访问或者用打开火狐输入ip访问 

firefox 192.168.1.20

测试步骤两个

1、建立网站主页,在网站根目录下建立一个主页文件

[root@Apache ~]# echo 'main page' > /var/www/html/index.html   --往index.html添加内容
[root@Apache ~]#systemctl restart httpd.service      --重启服务
[root@Apache ~]# firefox http://192.168.1.20             --在浏览器进行测试，显示的信息为刚才我们输入的内容main page

 2、

[root@Apache ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html        --把主页文件写成html标签的格式，添加一下内容
<html>
<head>
<title>测试站点</title>
</head>
<body>
<center><h1>欢迎来到测试站点!@_@</h1></center>
</body>
</html>
[root@Apache ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service      --重启服务
[root@Apache ~]# firefox http://192.168.1.20             --在浏览器进行测试，显示的信息为刚才我们输入的内容m

修改网站根目录步骤

[root@Apache ~]# mkdir /www      --创建/www目录

[root@Apache ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
修改下述内容
  DocumentRoot "/www"     第119行       --修改网站根目录为/www 
  <Directory "/www">       第131行    --把这个也对应的修改为/www

[root@Apache ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service      --重新启动apache服务

修改首页步骤

[root@Apache ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
164 DirectoryIndex index.php              --将index.html改成index.php

[root@Apache ~]# systemctl reload httpd.service     --重新加载服务或重启

每次修改完配置文件需要重新加载服务systemctl reload httpd.service  

 控制Apache的一些命令

停止Apache服务

systemctl stop httpd

启动Apache服务

systemctl start httpd

重启Apache服务

systemctl restart httpd

禁用Apache开机自启动

systemctl disable httpd

Apache开机自启动

systemctl enable httpd

更改配置后重新加载Apache服务

systemctl reload httpd

编译安装Apache服务

1、安装所依赖的包

yum -y install gcc* make* apr apr-util pcre apr-devel apr-util-devel  pcre-devel

2、安装Open SSL

对于Apache配置虚拟主机以及本文章参考CentOS 7 Apache服务的安装与配置 - 玉米花豆 - 博客园

安装php

这里仅试了第一种方法 如果需要高版本php

安装php

yum install -y php

 安装PHP组件

yum install php-mysql php-gd libjpeg* php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-bcmath php-mhash

3、重启数据库

systemctl restart mariadb.service

 4、重启apache

systemctl restart httpd.service

5、查看是否成功 

php -v

新建phptest.php文件

vim /var/www/html/phptest.php

输入内容 

<?php

   phpinfo();
?>

html1是一个项目的名称，将html1的所有内容加入到html里面 

cp -r /var/www/html1/. /var/www/html/

运行异常总结

关于拒绝访问问题

解决方案一、

下面不用看，直接

chown -R apache.apache /var/www/html

一、调整webroot目录的文件权限和所有权

 确保将文件权限以递归方式分配给 webroot 目录

sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/html

解决办法链接，我将/var下面的权限全部放开

 "Forbidden - You don't have permission to access / on this server" Error

Linux CentOS7 安装PHP_weikaixxxxxx的博客-CSDN博客_centos7 php

还需要修改Apache配置文件

 否则是拒绝一切访问

sessionlinux下开启session - 夜空

参考centos7 安装Mariadb - nonzero - 博客园