在你的Application、Activity或其它应用容器中添加如下代码:
public void onCreate() {
if (DEVELOPER_MODE) {
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder()
.detectDiskReads()
.detectDiskWrites()
.detectNetwork() // or .detectAll() for all detectable problems
.penaltyLog()
.build());
StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder()
.detectLeakedSqlLiteObjects()
.detectLeakedClosableObjects()
.penaltyLog()
.penaltyDeath()
.build());
}
super.onCreate();
}
StrictMode是一个开发者工具类,从Android 2.3平台开始被引入。可以用于捕捉发生在应用程序UI主线程中耗时的IO操作、网络访问或方法调用;也可以用来改进应用程序,使得UI主线程在处理IO操作和访问网络时显得更平滑,避免其被阻塞,导致ANR警告。更多有关StrictMode的信息,请参见http://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/StrictMode.html。
这种非常规的做法,是在项目初期和开发模式下为了达到更高的效率,而采取一种提高生产效率做法。在产品交付和运维时,我们还是要严格遵守Android平台进程与线程安全管理机制。这里就提一下在实际开发中应该遵循的两个原则:
1.在UI主线程中,只处理与UI相关及用户交互的工作,耗时的工作一律交由后台工作线程去搭理。常见的耗时工作处理方式有:
AsyncTask;
Handler、MessageQueue、Looper;
ExecutorService(execute/submit)
2.在工作线程中,只做自己分内的事。决不干涉UI主线程的工作。在执行过程中如果存在涉及到UI的操作(如:更新视图、重绘等),一律将其转交给UI主线程进行处理。常见的转交方式有:
Activity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable(){...});
View.post(new Runnable(){...});
View.postDelay(Runnable(){...},long)
提供AsyncMainActivity演示Android多线程与UI交互的方式,仅供读者参考。
public class AsyncMainActivity extends Activity {
private TextView txView;
private Button button;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Log.i("RootyInfo", "oncreate");
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
txView=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView1);
button=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//创建一个用于展示前三种后台线程和UI线程交互的线程
new TestThread(MainActivity.this).start();
//创建一个用于展示AsyncTask实现交互的TestAsyncTask
new TestAsyncTask().execute("Test"," AsyncTask");
}
});
}
class TestAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {
//TestAsyncTask被后台线程执行后,被UI线程被调用,一般用于初始化界面控件,如进度条
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPreExecute();
}
//doInBackground执行完后由UI线程调用,用于更新界面操作
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
txView.setText(result);
super.onPostExecute(result);
}
//在PreExcute执行后被启动AysncTask的后台线程调用,将结果返回给UI线程
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
for (String string : params) {
sb.append(string);
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
//用于线程间通信的Handler
class TestHandler extends Handler {
public TestHandler(Looper looper) {
super(looper);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("123");
txView.setText((String)msg.getData().get("tag"));
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
}
//后台线程类
class TestThread extends Thread {
Activity activity;
public TestThread(Activity activity) {
this.activity = activity;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// 演示Activity.runOnUIThread(Runnable)方法的实现
activity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
txView.setText("Test runOnUIThread");
}
});
// 演示Activity.runOnUIThread(Runnable)方法的实现
txView.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
txView.setText("Test View.post(Runnable)");
}
});
// 演示Activity.runOnUIThread(Runnable)方法的实现
txView.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
txView.setText("Test View.postDelay(Runnable,long)");
}
}, 1000);
// 演示Handler方法的实现
Message msg=new Message();
Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
bundle.putString("tag", "Test Handler");
msg.setData(bundle);
new TestHandler(Looper.getMainLooper()).sendMessage(msg);
super.run();
}
}
}