Redis3 正式支持了 cluster,是为了解决构建redis集群时的诸多不便
(1)像操作单个redis一样操作key,不用操心key在哪个节点上
(2)在线动态添加、删除redis节点,不用停止服务
(3)根据节点性能,动态分配不同数量的key到不同redis节点
(4)每个节点都配有slave,并自动监测和切换
Redis3 cluster 中增加了一个重要概念:
hash slot(哈希槽),共有16384个slot
key不是直接放入redis中了,而是放入slot中,再把slot放入redis中
根据key的hash值计算其所在的slot,再根据slot和redis节点的对应关系,找到此slot所在的节点,然后到这个节点对key进行操作
例如现有3个redis节点,每个节点各负责一半数量的slot,16384/3 = 5461个现在想添加一个redis节点,可以从 节点 1、节点 2、节点 3 中各拿出一部分的slot,移到新节点
每个redis节点中的slot数量可以不一致,根据节点性能适当分配
进入集群需要用redis -c -p 7000 -c是enable cluster p指定进入端口
搭建集群遇到的问题:
由于教程里面给出的集群的地址是127.0.0.1:7000、......,在java程序访问的时候是无法获取节点信息的,所以我需要重新搭建集群,然后停掉所有节点,重新搭建的时候,报出了如下错误,可知是因为有些配置文件以及数据没有删除。将其全部删除干净即可。
[ERR] Node 172.168.63.202:7001 is not empty.
Either the nodealready knows other nodes (check with CLUSTER NODES) or contains some key in database 0.
find / -name dump.rdb
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7002/redis7002/src/dump.rdb
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7004/redis7004/src/dump.rdb
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7005/redis7005/src/dump.rdb
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7001/redis7001/src/dump.rdb
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7000/redis7000/src/dump.rdb
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7003/redis7003/src/dump.rdb
rm -f /usr/redis/master/redis-3.0.7/src/dump.rdb
find / -name dump.rdb
find / -name appendonly.aof
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7002/redis7002/src/appendonly.aof
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7004/redis7004/src/appendonly.aof
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7005/redis7005/src/appendonly.aof
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7001/redis7001/src/appendonly.aof
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7000/redis7000/src/appendonly.aof
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7003/redis7003/src/appendonly.aof
find / -name appendonly.aof
find / -name nodes.conf
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7002/redis7002/src/nodes.conf
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7004/redis7004/src/nodes.conf
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7005/redis7005/src/nodes.conf
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7001/redis7001/src/nodes.conf
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7000/redis7000/src/nodes.conf
rm -f /usr/redis/cluster/7003/redis7003/src/nodes.conf
find / -name nodes.conf
#创建集群
#!/bin/sh
cd /usr/redis/cluster/7000/redis7000/src/
./redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/redis/cluster/7001/redis7001/src/
./redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/redis/cluster/7002/redis7002/src/
./redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/redis/cluster/7003/redis7003/src/
./redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/redis/cluster/7004/redis7004/src/
./redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/redis/cluster/7005/redis7005/src/
./redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/redis/cluster/7000/redis7000/src/
./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.10.102:7000 192.168.10.102:7001 192.168.10.102:7002 192.168.10.102:7003 192.168.10.102:7004 192.168.10.102:7005
#集群启动关闭:
#!/bin/sh
/usr/redis/cluster/7000/redis7000/src/redis-cli -p 7000 shutdown
/usr/redis/cluster/7001/redis7001/src/redis-cli -p 7001 shutdown
/usr/redis/cluster/7002/redis7002/src/redis-cli -p 7002 shutdown
/usr/redis/cluster/7003/redis7003/src/redis-cli -p 7003 shutdown
/usr/redis/cluster/7004/redis7004/src/redis-cli -p 7004 shutdown
/usr/redis/cluster/7005/redis7005/src/redis-cli -p 7005 shutdown
if [ $(ps -ef | grep -c redis | grep -cv grep) -gt 1 ]
then echo "集群关机失败,请检查节点"
else
echo "集群全部关闭,ok"
fi
//集群搭建教程 http://blog.csdn.net/yubinpll9110/article/details/51373890
这里创建6个redis节点,其中三个为主节点,三个为从节点。
redis和端口对应关系:
主服务器
127.0.0.1:7000
127.0.0.1:7001
127.0.0.1:7002从服务器:
127.0.0.1:7003
127.0.0.1:7004
127.0.0.1:7005
步骤:
1,下载redis。官网下载3.0.0版本,之前几的版本不支持集群模式
下载地址:http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.0.0.tar.gz
2:上传服务器,解压,编译
tar -zxvf redis-3.0.0-rc2.tar.gz
mv redis-3.0.0-rc2.tar.gz redis3.0
cd /usr/local/redis3.0
make & make install
3:创建集群需要的目录并拷贝redis
mkdir -p /usr/local/cluster
mkdir -p /usr/local/cluster/7000
mkdir -p /usr/local/cluster/7001
mkdir -p /usr/local/cluster/7002
mkdir -p /usr/local/cluster/7003
mkdir -p /usr/local/cluster/7004
mkdir -p /usr/local/cluster/7005
cp -rf /usr/local/redis3.0/* /usr/local/cluster/7000/
cp -rf /usr/local/redis3.0/* /usr/local/cluster/7001/
cp -rf /usr/local/redis3.0/* /usr/local/cluster/7002/
cp -rf /usr/local/redis3.0/* /usr/local/cluster/7003/
cp -rf /usr/local/redis3.0/* /usr/local/cluster/7004/
cp -rf /usr/local/redis3.0/* /usr/local/cluster/7005/
4:修改配置文件redis.conf
vi /usr/local/cluster/7000/redis.conf
##修改配置文件中的下面选项
port 7000
daemonize yes
cluster-enabled yes
cluster-config-file nodes.conf
cluster-node-timeout 5000
appendonly yes
#同样再对其它配置文件进行修改
vi /usr/local/cluster/7001/redis.conf
vi /usr/local/cluster/7002/redis.conf
vi /usr/local/cluster/7003/redis.conf
vi /usr/local/cluster/7004/redis.conf
vi /usr/local/cluster/7005/redis.conf
##注意:不同的目录配置不同的redis.conf中的port
5:启动6个redis
cd /usr/local/cluster/7000/src
redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/local/cluster/7001/src
redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/local/cluster/7002/src
redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/local/cluster/7003/src
redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/local/cluster/7004/src
redis-server ../redis.conf
cd /usr/local/cluster/7005/src
redis-server ../redis.conf
##启动之后使用命令查看redis的启动情况ps -ef|grep redis
6,创建redis集群
cd /usr/local/redis3.0/src
./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 127.0.0.1:7004 127.0.0.1:7005
6.1执行上面的命令的时候会报错,因为是执行的的脚本,需要
错误内容:/usr/bin/env: ruby: No such file or directory
所以需要安装ruby的环境,这里推荐使用yum install ruby
yum install ruby
6.2然后再执行第步的创建集群命令,还会报错,提示缺少rubygems组件
错误内容:
./redis-trib.rb:24:in `require': no such file to load -- rubygems (LoadError)
from ./redis-trib.rb:24
yum install rubygems
6.3再次执行第步的命令,还会报错,提示不能加载redis,是因为缺少redis的接口
错误内容:
/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require': no such file to load -- redis (LoadError)
from /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require'
from ./redis-trib.rb:25
gem install redis
这里可能无法安装,因为无法连接gem服务器:
[@zw_22_90 src]# gem install redis --version 3.0.0
ERROR: Could not find a valid gem 'redis' (= 3.0.0) in any repository
ERROR: While executing gem ... (Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError)
如何使用?
$ gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/ $ gem sources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/ $ gem sources -l *** CURRENT SOURCES *** https://ruby.taobao.org # 请确保只有 ruby.taobao.org $ gem install rails
6.4 再次执行第步的命令,正常执行
输入yes,然后配置完成。
[@zw_22_90 src]# ./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 127.0.0.1:7004 127.0.0.1:7005
>>> Creating cluster
Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7000: OK
Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7001: OK
Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7002: OK
Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7003: OK
Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7004: OK
Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7005: OK
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
Using 3 masters:
127.0.0.1:7000
127.0.0.1:7001
127.0.0.1:7002
Adding replica 127.0.0.1:7003 to 127.0.0.1:7000
Adding replica 127.0.0.1:7004 to 127.0.0.1:7001
Adding replica 127.0.0.1:7005 to 127.0.0.1:7002
M: 2022f24d581b4a7c3342e3245c32927cbd5ec16d 127.0.0.1:7000
slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
M: 37b7008f80f8c21a698da8cb1f1b32db8c0c415c 127.0.0.1:7001
slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
M: ac6dc5fa96e856b34c1ba4c3814394e4ebb698dd 127.0.0.1:7002
slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
S: b5b76d70bbb0dbf3e7df8a38f1259e95e2054721 127.0.0.1:7003
replicates 2022f24d581b4a7c3342e3245c32927cbd5ec16d
S: 6881f8fef9c25da486f320ebf2ead39c1502db4c 127.0.0.1:7004
replicates 37b7008f80f8c21a698da8cb1f1b32db8c0c415c
S: f090526d32cced97731eef2a2e1722a7bac7d9ea 127.0.0.1:7005
replicates ac6dc5fa96e856b34c1ba4c3814394e4ebb698dd
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes
>>> Nodes configuration updated
>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
Waiting for the cluster to join...
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 127.0.0.1:7000)
M: 2022f24d581b4a7c3342e3245c32927cbd5ec16d 127.0.0.1:7000
slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
M: 37b7008f80f8c21a698da8cb1f1b32db8c0c415c 127.0.0.1:7001
slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
M: ac6dc5fa96e856b34c1ba4c3814394e4ebb698dd 127.0.0.1:7002
slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
M: b5b76d70bbb0dbf3e7df8a38f1259e95e2054721 127.0.0.1:7003
slots: (0 slots) master
replicates 2022f24d581b4a7c3342e3245c32927cbd5ec16d
M: 6881f8fef9c25da486f320ebf2ead39c1502db4c 127.0.0.1:7004
slots: (0 slots) master
replicates 37b7008f80f8c21a698da8cb1f1b32db8c0c415c
M: f090526d32cced97731eef2a2e1722a7bac7d9ea 127.0.0.1:7005
slots: (0 slots) master
replicates ac6dc5fa96e856b34c1ba4c3814394e4ebb698dd
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.
至此redis集群即搭建成功!
7,redis-cli命令进入集群环境
[@zw_22_90 src]# redis-cli -c -p 7000
127.0.0.1:7000> quit;