web项目部署 -flask+uwsgi+django

docker上启动nginx,并配置修改nginx的配置文件_docker run -d __ /data/:date/ nginx_Dhjie_king的博客-CSDN博客

修改nginx.conf文件，制作新的image

docker 实际部署

https://www.cnblogs.com/shouwangrenjian/p/16499447.html

Flask + Docker 容器化部署Python应用_flask docker_酒酿小圆子～的博客-CSDN博客

Docker容器化部署Python应用 - 知乎

Flask + Docker 无脑部署新手教程 - 知乎

13 环境-nginx_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

一、依赖

        python3

        虚拟环境

        uwsgi

        nginx

二、安装

1、安装python3

        安装gcc：因为python的底层是用c语言写的

yum install -y gcc

        安装下载python时用到的依赖：用来编译、安装python时能够用到

yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
yum install -y bzip2 bzip2-devel
yum install -y ncurses ncurses-devel
yum install -y readline readline-devel
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
yum install -y xz lzma xz-devel
yum install -y sqlite sqlite-devel
yum install -y gdbm gdbm-devel
yum install -y tk tk-devel
yum install -y mysql-devel
yum install -y python-devel
yum install -y libffi-devel

        下载python3源码：

cd /data/
yum install -y wget
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.5/Python-3.9.5.tgz

        解压 & 编译 & 安装：

tar -xvf Python-3.9.5.tgz
cd Python-3.9.5
./configure
make all
make install

        配置python解释器pip第三方包时的下载源（豆瓣源）：

pip3.9 config set global.index-url https://pypi.douban.com/simple/

2、安装虚拟环境

        安装virtualenv

pip3.9 install virtualenv

        创建虚拟环境

mkdir envs

[root@centos7computer1 envs]# virtualenv /home/susu/work/python/envs/common --python=python3.8
bash: virtualenv: 未找到命令...

[root@centos7computer1 virtualenv]# find / -name virtualenv
find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: 权限不够
/usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv
/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/virtualenv
[root@centos7computer1 virtualenv]# 
[root@centos7computer1 virtualenv]# 
[root@centos7computer1 virtualenv]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv /usr/bin/virtualenv
[root@centos7computer1 virtualenv]# 
[root@centos7computer1 virtualenv]# 
[root@centos7computer1 virtualenv]# 
[root@centos7computer1 virtualenv]# virtualenv /home/susu/work/python/envs/common --python=python3.8
created virtual environment CPython3.8.15.final.0-64 in 619ms
...

[root@centos7computer1 bin]# source /home/susu/work/python/envs/common/bin/activate
(common) [root@centos7computer1 bin]# 

3、安装uwsgi

        安装uwsgi

(common) [root@centos7computer1 python]# pip install uwsgi
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)")': /simple/uwsgi/
Collecting uwsgi
  Downloading uwsgi-2.0.21.tar.gz (808 kB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 808.5/808.5 kB 29.5 kB/s eta 0:00:00
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: uwsgi
  Building wheel for uwsgi (setup.py) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [36 lines of output]
      /home/susu/work/python/envs/common/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py:265: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'descriptions'
        warnings.warn(msg)
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 2, in <module>
        File "<pip-setuptools-caller>", line 34, in <module>
        File "/tmp/pip-install-ig9gm5pa/uwsgi_857d760e332c4d3b9e6723a1aca39f4f/setup.py", line 117, in <module>
          setup(
        File "/home/susu/work/python/envs/common/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 107, in setup
          return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
        File "/home/susu/work/python/envs/common/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py", line 172, in setup
          ok = dist.parse_command_line()
        File "/home/susu/work/python/envs/common/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 475, in parse_command_line
          args = self._parse_command_opts(parser, args)
        File "/home/susu/work/python/envs/common/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 1142, in _parse_command_opts
          nargs = _Distribution._parse_command_opts(self, parser, args)
        File "/home/susu/work/python/envs/common/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 534, in _parse_command_opts
          cmd_class = self.get_command_class(command)
        File "/home/susu/work/python/envs/common/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 989, in get_command_class
          self.cmdclass[command] = cmdclass = ep.load()
        File "/home/susu/work/python/envs/common/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/importlib_metadata/__init__.py", line 208, in load
          module = import_module(match.group('module'))
        File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
          return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 843, in exec_module
        File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
        File "/home/susu/work/python/envs/common/lib/python3.8/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 28, in <module>
          from .macosx_libfile import calculate_macosx_platform_tag
        File "/home/susu/work/python/envs/common/lib/python3.8/site-packages/wheel/macosx_libfile.py", line 43, in <module>
          import ctypes
        File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/ctypes/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
          from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
      ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for uwsgi
  Running setup.py clean for uwsgi
Failed to build uwsgi
ERROR: Could not build wheels for uwsgi, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

解决：centos7安装uwsgi_夏夏夏夏的博客-CSDN博客      

        配置文件（.ini）启动

config.ini

[uwsgi]
# socket = 127.0.0.1:8001  # socket端口，接收nginx发送过来的请求
http = :5003  # 启动程序时使用的地址和端口，使用uwsgi启动flask项目时使用http端口
chdir = /program_path
wsgi-file = app.py
callable = app
processes = 1
virtualenv = /virtualenv_path
buffer-size = 65536

启动

        source /虚拟环境

        uwsgi --ini config.ini

启动后若报错：invalid request block size: 21573 (max 4096)...skip？

        添加配置：buffer-size = 65536

        uwsgi内部解析的数据包大小默认为4k，请求的大小为21573，大于默认的4096，所以被丢弃

启动后没有接收到客户端发送过来的请求？

        检查.ini配置文件里面使用的是http的端口，还是socket端口

停止

        ps -ef | grep config

        kill -9 *****

4、安装 Nginx

        安装

(common) [root@centos7computer1 python]# yum install nginx -y
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.nju.edu.cn
没有可用软件包 nginx。
错误：无须任何处理
(common) [root@centos7computer1 python]# 
(common) [root@centos7computer1 python]# yum list | grep nginx
pcp-pmda-nginx.x86_64                       4.3.2-13.el7_9             updates  
(common) [root@centos7computer1 python]# 
(common) [root@centos7computer1 python]# 
(common) [root@centos7computer1 python]# sudo yum install epel-release
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
...

(common) [root@centos7computer1 python]# yum update
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
/var/run/yum.pid 已被锁定，PID 为 17023 的另一个程序正在运行。
...

(common) [root@centos7computer1 python]# yum install -y nginx
...
已安装:
  nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.1-10.el7                                                                                                                           

作为依赖被安装:
  nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.20.1-10.el7                                      openssl11-libs.x86_64 1:1.1.1k-5.el7                                     

完毕！

        配置

                - 普通请求                  ->   8001 端口

                - /static(静态请求)      ->    静态目录下

                nginx 的默认配置文件路径：/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

http{

    upstream flask{
        server 127.0.0.1:8001;
    }

    server{
        listen    80;
        ...

        location /static {
            alias /静态文件路径
        }
        
        location / {
            uwsgi_pass    flask;
            include       uwsgi_params;
        }
    }

}

        启动

                systemctl start nginx

                systemctl enable nginx

启动时报错：

systemctl start nginx
Job for nginx.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status nginx.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

Nginx——Nginx启动报错Job for nginx.service failed because the control process exited with error code_小志的博客的博客-CSDN博客

Nginx 启动报 [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:XXXX failed (13: Permission denied)错误处理_RunSnail2018的博客-CSDN博客

输入命令systemctl status nginx.service，查看服务状态；

系统启动Nginx后，报 [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:XXXX failed (13: Permission denied)错误的处理方式，分为两种

1024以下端口启动时需要root权限，sudo systemctl start nginx即可

5、重启脚本

三、项目代码

app.py

from flask import Flask, render_template

app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route("/home")
def home():
    return render_template("home.html")


@app.route("/index")
def index():
    return "success"


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()