nginx+keepalived实现服务器高可用及负载均衡

1.准备好两台服务器,每台服务器都安装nginx和keepalived

 Nginx的安装
    1. 下载nginx
      官网:http://nginx.org/
    2. 上传并解压nginx
      tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
    3. 编译nginx
      #进入到nginx源码目录
      cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.8.1
 
      #检查安装环境,并指定将来要安装的路径
      ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
 
      #缺包报错 ./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found
 
      #使用YUM安装缺少的包
      yum -y install gcc pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel
 
      #编译安装
      make && make install
 
      安装完后测试是否正常:
        /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
      查看端口是否有ngnix进程监听
      netstat -ntlp | grep 80

   keepalived安装
  1.下载keepalived官网:http://keepalived.org
  2.将keepalived解压到/usr/local/src目录下
    tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
  3.进入到/usr/local/src/keepalived-1.2.19目录
    cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.2.19
  4.开始configure
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
  5.#编译并安装
    make && make install
  6. 将keepalived添加到系统服务中
    拷贝执行文件
      cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
    将init.d文件拷贝到etc下,加入开机启动项
      cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived
    将keepalived文件拷贝到etc下
      cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
    创建keepalived文件夹
      mkdir -p /etc/keepalived
    将keepalived配置文件拷贝到etc下
      cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    添加可执行权限
      chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived
 
    ##以上所有命令一次性执行:
      cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
      cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived
      cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
      mkdir -p /etc/keepalived
      cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
      chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived
      chkconfig --add keepalived
      chkconfig keepalived on
 
    添加keepalived到开机启动
      chkconfig --add keepalived
      chkconfig keepalived on

 

2.nginx配置负载均衡

  找到nginx.conf配置文件编辑,在http这个节下面配置一个叫upstream的,后面的名字可以随意取,但是要和location下的proxy_pass http://后的保持一致

http {
  upstream tomcats {
  server 192.168.122.168:8080 weight=2;#weight表示多少个
  server 192.168.122.169:8080 weight=1;
  }location ~ .*\.(jsp|do|action) {
  proxy_pass http://tomcats; #tomcats是后面的tomcat服务器组的逻辑组号
}}

 

 

 

 

 

3.利用keepalived实现高可靠(HA)

 1.keepalived虚拟IP,

  修改配置文件: /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

#MASTER节点

global_defs {
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #指定A节点为主节点 备用节点上设置为BACKUP即可
interface eth0 #绑定虚拟IP的网络接口
virtual_router_id 51 #VRRP组名,两个节点的设置必须一样,以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组
priority 100 #主节点的优先级(1-254之间),备用节点必须比主节点优先级低
advert_int 1 #组播信息发送间隔,两个节点设置必须一样
authentication { #设置验证信息,两个节点必须一致
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress { #指定虚拟IP, 两个节点设置必须一样
192.168.122.60/24 #如果两个nginx的ip分别是192.168.122.61,,...62,则此处的虚拟ip跟它俩同一个网段即可
}
}

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

#BACKUP节点

 

global_defs {
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 99
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.33.60/24
}
}

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

#分别启动两台机器上的keepalived

service keepalived start

测试:

杀掉master上的keepalived进程,你会发现,在slave机器上的eth0网卡多了一个ip地址

查看ip地址的命令:  ip addr

 

实质是在抢占192.168.122.168/24配置的ip

 

 4.  配置keepalived心跳检查

原理:

Keepalived并不跟nginx耦合,它俩完全不是一家人

但是keepalived提供一个机制:让用户自定义一个shell脚本去检测用户自己的程序,返回状态给keepalived就可以了

#MASTER节点

global_defs {
}
  #进程在就返回0不在就返回1
vrrp_script chk_health {
script "[[ `ps -ef | grep nginx | grep -v grep | wc -l` -ge 2 ]] && exit 0 || exit 1"
interval 1 #每隔1秒执行上述的脚本,去检查用户的程序ngnix
weight -2
}
 
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 1
priority 100
advert_int 2
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
 
track_script {
chk_health
}
 
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.10/24
}
 
notify_master "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh master"
notify_backup "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh backup"
notify_fault "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh fault"
}

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

#添加切换通知脚本

vi /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh

 

 

 

#添加执行权限

chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh

 

#BACKUP节点

 

 

 

 

#在第二台机器上添加notify.sh脚本

#分别在两台机器上启动keepalived

service keepalived start

chkconfig keepalived on

 

最后访问虚拟ip的资源路径,如:192.168.122.60:8080/helloworld  

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/mapleleaf-xp/p/11239770.html

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