springboot自动装配流程源码讲解（以REDIS为例）

1. springboot找到了@EnableAutoConfiguration注解

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration //开启自动配置注解
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
		@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {

2. 使用@Import注解导入了AutoConfigurationImportSelector类

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)  //导入AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {

3. AutoConfigurationImportSelector调用selectImports()方法导入jar包下的meta-info/spring.factories找到所有EnableAutoConfiguration为key的集合，根据Maven依赖导入的jar来筛选配置类

@Override
	public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
		if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
			return NO_IMPORTS;
		}
		AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader
				.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
		AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata,
				annotationMetadata);
		return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
	}

protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata,
			AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
		if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
			return EMPTY_ENTRY;
		}
		AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
		List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
///去除重复的配置类，若我们自己写的starter 可能存主重复的
		configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
		Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
		checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
		configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
//根据maven 导入的启动器过滤出 需要导入的配置类
		configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
		fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
		return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
	}

//导入 META-INF/spring.factories文件，查找对应的EnableAutoConfiguration配置

protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
		List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(),
				getBeanClassLoader());
		Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
				+ "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
		return configurations;
	}

//进入SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames 方法可以看到loadSpringFactories方法

private static Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
		MultiValueMap<String, String> result = cache.get(classLoader);
		if (result != null) {
			return result;
		}

		try {
			Enumeration<URL> urls = (classLoader != null ?
					classLoader.getResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION) :
					ClassLoader.getSystemResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION));
			result = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
			while (urls.hasMoreElements()) {
				URL url = urls.nextElement();
				UrlResource resource = new UrlResource(url);
				Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
				for (Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : properties.entrySet()) {
					String factoryTypeName = ((String) entry.getKey()).trim();
					for (String factoryImplementationName : StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String) entry.getValue())) {
						result.add(factoryTypeName, factoryImplementationName.trim());
					}
				}
			}
			cache.put(classLoader, result);
			return result;
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load factories from location [" +
					FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION + "]", ex);
		}
	}

4. 因为导入了spring-boot-starter-data-redis的Maven依赖，因此RedisAutoConfiguration配置类会起作用（利用@ ConditionalOnClass注解）

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
//当引入到RedisOperation类，配置才会生效
@ConditionalOnClass(RedisOperations.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(RedisProperties.class)
@Import({ LettuceConnectionConfiguration.class, JedisConnectionConfiguration.class })
public class RedisAutoConfiguration {

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "redisTemplate")
	public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory)
			throws UnknownHostException {
		RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
		template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
		return template;
	}

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean
	public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory)
			throws UnknownHostException {
		StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate();
		template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
		return template;
	}

}

5. @EnableConfigurationProperties(RedisProperties.class)开启读取RedisProperties映射的配置，进入该注解查看源码可以看到引入了EnableConfigurationPropertiesRegistrar.class类
   
   EnableConfigurationPropertiesRegistrar.class类实现了ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口的类将会调用它的registerBeanDefinitions方法,向Spring容器中注册Bean定义

class EnableConfigurationPropertiesRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {

	@Override
	public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
		registerInfrastructureBeans(registry);
		ConfigurationPropertiesBeanRegistrar beanRegistrar = new ConfigurationPropertiesBeanRegistrar(registry);
		getTypes(metadata).forEach(beanRegistrar::register);
	}

	private Set<Class<?>> getTypes(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
		return metadata.getAnnotations().stream(EnableConfigurationProperties.class)
				.flatMap((annotation) -> Arrays.stream(annotation.getClassArray(MergedAnnotation.VALUE)))
				.filter((type) -> void.class != type).collect(Collectors.toSet());
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
	static void registerInfrastructureBeans(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
		ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor.register(registry);
		ConfigurationPropertiesBeanDefinitionValidator.register(registry);
		ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata.register(registry);
	}

}

@ConfigurationProperties可以将外部配置文件（applicaition.properties中spring.redis下的配置）加载进来，填充对象的对应字段的数据，然后供其他Bean使用。

/**
 * Configuration properties for Redis.
 *
 * @author Dave Syer
 * @author Christoph Strobl
 * @author Eddú Meléndez
 * @author Marco Aust
 * @author Mark Paluch
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @since 1.0.0
 */
 //指明spring.redis作为前缀
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.redis")
public class RedisProperties {

	/**
	 * Database index used by the connection factory.
	 */
	private int database = 0;

	/**
	 * Connection URL. Overrides host, port, and password. User is ignored. Example:
	 * redis://user:password@example.com:6379
	 */
	private String url;

	/**
	 * Redis server host.
	 */
	private String host = "localhost";

	/**
	 * Login password of the redis server.
	 */
	private String password;

6. RedisAutoConfiguration里配置了redisTemplate和stringRedisTemplate组件
   
7. 使用@Import 注解导入了JedisConnectionConfiguration.class
   
8. JedisConnectionConfiguration 类把JedisConnectionFactory注册到了bean，并且配置了jedisPoolConfig

private JedisClientConfiguration getJedisClientConfiguration(
			ObjectProvider<JedisClientConfigurationBuilderCustomizer> builderCustomizers) {
		JedisClientConfigurationBuilder builder = applyProperties(JedisClientConfiguration.builder());
		RedisProperties.Pool pool = getProperties().getJedis().getPool();
		if (pool != null) {
			applyPooling(pool, builder);
		}
		if (StringUtils.hasText(getProperties().getUrl())) {
			customizeConfigurationFromUrl(builder);
		}
		builderCustomizers.orderedStream().forEach((customizer) -> customizer.customize(builder));
		return builder.build();
	}

private JedisPoolConfig jedisPoolConfig(RedisProperties.Pool pool) {
		JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
		config.setMaxTotal(pool.getMaxActive());
		config.setMaxIdle(pool.getMaxIdle());
		config.setMinIdle(pool.getMinIdle());
		if (pool.getTimeBetweenEvictionRuns() != null) {
			config.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(pool.getTimeBetweenEvictionRuns().toMillis());
		}
		if (pool.getMaxWait() != null) {
			config.setMaxWaitMillis(pool.getMaxWait().toMillis());
		}
		return config;
	}