一般情况下,在基类或者接口类中添加虚析构函(virtual destructor)数非常重要。原因很简单,就是想让析构的顺序从继承类开始往上开始一步步析构直到基类。
看例子吧:
首先,接口类不写虚析构函数
// virtual d'tor
// In base class or interface, it is important that add a virtual destructor
class IFoo
{
public:
virtual void dosomething() = 0;
};
class Foo : public IFoo
{
public:
Foo(int* pInt = NULL) : pInt(pInt){}
virtual void dosomething()
{
pInt = new int[10];
pInt[1] = 1;
pInt[2] = 2;
}
~Foo()
{
delete[] pInt;
}
int* get_pInt()
{
return pInt;
}
const int* get_pInt() const
{
return pInt;
}
private:
int* pInt;
};
去调用测试一下:
using namespace std;
int main()
{
IFoo* f = new Foo();
f->dosomething();
delete f;
return 0;
}
当执行
delete f;
时,程序并不会调用Foo类中的析构函数(因为你没在基类中写虚析构函数),所以造成内存泄露。
下面我们加上virtual destructor
class IFoo
{
public:
virtual void dosomething() = 0;
virtual ~IFoo(){} // add virtual destructor
};
class Foo : public IFoo
{
public:
Foo(int* pInt = NULL) : pInt(pInt){}
virtual void dosomething()
{
pInt = new int[10];
pInt[1] = 1;
pInt[2] = 2;
}
~Foo()
{
delete[] pInt;
}
int* get_pInt()
{
return pInt;
}
const int* get_pInt() const
{
return pInt;
}
private:
int* pInt;
};
using namespace std;
int main()
{
IFoo* f = new Foo();
f->dosomething();
delete f; // It's ok!!!
return 0;
}