Flask网站部署（三）——uWSGI/Gunicorn+Nginx+Supervisor

零、所用环境

Ubuntu，Python3

一、uWSGI

在虚拟环境中使用

1. 安装uwsgi

apt-get install build-essential python-dev

apt-get install build-essential python3-dev

pip install uwsgi

2. 通过uwsgi启动项目

uwsgi --http 0.0.0.0:端口号 -s /tmp/uwsgi.sock --module /project_path --callable app

3. 编写uwsgi.ini

"""

[uwsgi]

chdir = /project_path

module = project_name

home = 虚拟环境路径（cdvirtualenv)

master = true

processes = number

socket = /tmp/uwsgi.sock

wsgi-file = /project_path/project_name.py

callable = app

die-on-term = false

"""

4. 通过uwsgi.ini启动项目

uwsgi --http 0.0.0.0:端口号 --ini /project_path/uwsgi.ini

5. 杀端口

sudo fuser -k 端口号/tcp

二、Nginx

系统环境下使用

1. 安装Nginx

sudo apt-get install nginx

2. 修改配置文件

方式一：sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

方式二：sudo vim /usr/local/nginx/sites-enabled/default

方式三：sudo vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

"""

server {

        # http80, https443, others is also ok

        listen 443;

        server_name domain;

        charset utf-8;

        client_max_body_size 75M;

        access_log /project_path/project_name.access.log;

        error_log /project_path/project_name.error.log;

        # https(tencent)

        ssl on;

        ssl_certificate 1_yinxiang0.com_bundle.crt;

        ssl_certificate_key 2_yinxiang0.com.key;

        ssl_session_timeout 5m;

        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;

        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;

        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

        #  # redirect http to https

        # rewrite ^(.*) https://$host$1 permanent;

        location / {

            # uwsgi

            include uwsgi_params;

            uwsgi_pass unix:/tmp/uwsgi.sock;

            # # gunicorn

            # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;

            # proxy_redirect off;

            # proxy_set_header Host $host:443;

            # proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

            # proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        }

        # location /static/ {

            # alias /project_path/static/;

        # }

}

"""

备注

腾讯云https参照https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/400/4143#2.-nginx-.E8.AF.81.E4.B9.A6.E9.83.A8.E7.BD.B2

阿里云https参照https://help.aliyun.com/knowledge_detail/95491.html?spm=5176.2020520154.cas.25.3a70WhTkWhTkVv

3. 检查nginx配置文件是否有错

方式一：sudo nginx -t

方式二：sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

备注：which nginx找到nginx路径，再执行-t操作。

成功会出现类似提示:

nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

4. 重启nginx

1. sudo service nginx restart

2. sudo nginx -s reload

2. sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

5. 查看nginx状态

service nginx status

进入浏览器访问域名查看网页是否正常启动。

三、Supervisor

系统环境及Python2中使用

1. 安装

pip install supervisor

2. 编写supervisor.conf

备注：多个进程，写多个[program:project_name]即可

"""

[program:project_name]

command = [which uwsgi] --ini /project_path/uwsgi.ini

directory = project_path

startsecs = 5

stopwaitsecs = 5

autostart = true

autorestart = true

stdout_logfile = /project_path/log/supervisord.log

stderr_logfile = /project_path/log/supervisorderr.log

[supervisord]

loglevel = info

[supervisorctl]

serverurl = http://0.0.0.0:端口号

username = username

password = password

[inet_http_server]

port = :端口

username = username

password = password

[rpcinterface:supervisor]

supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface

"""

3. 启动supervisor

supervisord -c /project_path/supervisor.conf

supervisord -c supervisor.conf

备注：可在公网IP:端口号进行管理

查看进程ID

ps aux|grep supervisor

杀进程

kill -9 进程号

4. 终端进入supervisor管理端

supervisorctl -c /home/ubuntu/srv/bbs_demo/supervisor.conf

    * status                               # 查看状态

    * start program_name        #启动程序

    * restart program_name     #重新启动程序

    * stop program_name        # 关闭程序

    * reload                              # 重新加载配置文件

    * quit                                  # 退出控制台

四、Gunicorn

虚拟环境下使用

1. 安装gunicorn和gevent

pip install gunicorn

pip install gevent

2. 编写gunicorn.conf

"""

import os

bind = '0.0.0.0:8000'           #绑定的ip及端口号

workers = 3                         #进程数

backlog = 2048                   #监听队列

worker_class = "gevent"    #默认sync模式

debug = False

chdir = '/project_path'

proc_name = 'gunicorn.proc'

"""

3. 通过gunicorn启动项目

sync模式

gunicorn -c /project_path/gunicorn.conf project_name:app/api

gevent模式

gunicorn -k gevent -c /project_path/gunicorn.conf project_name:app/api

4. 已知存在的问题

a. 不支持Flask的CSRF保护；

b. 登录过一段时间会失效。

Flask网站部署（一）——git、mysql、memcached、虚拟环境的安装

Flask网站部署（二）——git、mysql、虚拟环境的使用