ActiveMQ为java消息服务(JMS)框架,它分为两种模式一种为点对点Queue,另一种为发布/订阅Topic模式。
一条JMS消息分为消息头、消息属性、消息类型。
ActiveMQ下载官网(Linux版本apache-activemq-5.9.0):http://activemq.apache.org/activemq-590-release.html
安装方法:
下载后可直接运行,运行命令:bin\activemq start
停止命令:bin\activemq stop
运行后,可查看运行端口:netstat -an|grep 61616
如果bin\activemq stop没有停止服务,可采用kill进行终止服务:
ps -ef|grep activemq
kill [PID]
官方文档:http://activemq.apache.org/version-5-getting-started.html#Version5GettingStarted-TestingtheInstallation
启动后的ActiveMQ如下图:
ActiveMQ启动后,下面分别以Queue点对点和Topic发布/订阅两种模式写实例代码:
建一个maven的java工程,需要用到的包在pom.xml中配置(如不是maven工程,下载的ActiveMQ中有相应的包,拷到工程即可):
<!-- ActiveMQ -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
<artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
<version>5.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
<artifactId>geronimo-j2ee-management_1.1_spec</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
<artifactId>geronimo-jms_1.1_spec</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
点对点:
接收者
package com.activemq.one;
import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import com.activemq.util.Constants;
/**
* 接收者
*
* @author Dwen
* @version v 0.1 2014-1-22 下午03:02:48
*/
public class Receiver {
/**
* 程序入口
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 连接工厂
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
//连接
Connection connection = null;
//会话
Session session;
// Destination :消息的目的地;消息发送给谁.
Destination destination;
// 消费者
MessageConsumer consumer;
connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(
ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,
ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD, Constants.BROKER_URL);
try {
// 构造从工厂得到连接对象
connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
// 启动
connection.start();
// 获取操作连接
session = connection.createSession(Boolean.FALSE,Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
//获取session中的queue,该queue在http://localhost:8161/admin/queues.jsp中进行配置
destination = session.createQueue("FirstQueue");
consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
while (true) {
// reveiveTextMessage(consumer);
reveiveObjectMessage(consumer);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (null != connection)
connection.close();
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
}
}
}
/**
* 接收文本消息
* @param consumer
* @throws JMSException
*/
private static void reveiveTextMessage(MessageConsumer consumer) throws JMSException{
// 设置接收者接收消息的时间,测试定为100s
TextMessage message = (TextMessage) consumer.receive(100000);
if (null != message) {
System.out.println("收到消息" + message.getText());
} else {
System.out.println("无消息!");
}
}
/**
* 接收对象消息
* @param consumer
* @throws JMSException
*/
private static void reveiveObjectMessage(MessageConsumer consumer) throws JMSException{
ObjectMessage message = (ObjectMessage) consumer.receive();
Users users = (Users) message.getObject();
if (null != users) {
System.out.println("收到消息" + users.getId()+" , "+users.getUserName()+" , "+users.getPassword());
} else {
System.out.println("无消息!");
}
}
}
发送者
package com.activemq.one;
import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import com.activemq.util.Constants;
/**
* 发送者
*
* @author Dwen
* @version v 0.1 2014-1-22 下午03:01:27
*/
public class Sender {
/** 定义发送数量 */
private static final int SEND_NUMBER = 5;
/**
* 程序入口
*
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 连接工厂
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
// 连接
Connection connection = null;
// 会话
Session session;
// 消息的目的地;消息发送给谁.
Destination destination;
// 消息发送者
MessageProducer producer;
// 构造ConnectionFactory实例对象
connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(
ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,
ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD, Constants.BROKER_URL);
try {
// 构造从工厂得到连接对象
connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
// 启动
connection.start();
// 获取操作连接
session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE,
Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
// 获取session中的queue,该queue在http://localhost:8161/admin/queues.jsp中进行配置
destination = session.createQueue("FirstQueue");
// 得到消息生成者
producer = session.createProducer(destination);
// 设置不持久化,此处学习,实际根据项目决定
producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);
//消息类型:
// Message,TextMessage,ObjectMessage,BytesMessage,StreamMessage,MapMessage
// 发送消息
// sendMessage(session, producer);
sendObjectMessage(session, producer);
session.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (null != connection)
connection.close();
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
}
}
}
/**
* 发送文本消息
* @param session
* @param producer
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void sendMessage(Session session, MessageProducer producer)
throws Exception {
for (int i = 1; i <= SEND_NUMBER; i++) {
TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("ActiveMq 发送的消息+"
+ i);
// 发送消息到目的地方
System.out.println("发送消息:" + "ActiveMq 发送的消息" + i);
producer.send(message);
}
}
/**
* 发送对象消息
* @param session
* @param producer
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void sendObjectMessage(Session session,
MessageProducer producer) throws Exception {
Users users = new Users();
users.setId(1000L);
users.setUserName("test");
users.setPassword("111111");
ObjectMessage message = session.createObjectMessage(users);
System.out.println("已发送对象消息!");
producer.send(message);
}
}
package com.activemq.util;
/**
* 常量类
* @author Dwen
* @version v 0.1 2014-1-22 下午05:32:13
*/
public class Constants {
/** activemq url */
public static final String BROKER_URL = "tcp://localhost:61616";
}
package com.activemq.many;
import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;
import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import javax.jms.Topic;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import com.activemq.util.Constants;
/**
* 发布者
* @author Dwen
* @version v 0.1 2014-1-22 下午05:11:09
*/
public class Publisher {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 连接工厂
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
//连接
Connection connection = null;
//会话
Session session;
// 消息发送者
MessageProducer producer;
connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(
ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,
ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD, Constants.BROKER_URL);
try {
// 构造从工厂得到连接对象
connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
// 启动
connection.start();
// 获取操作连接
session = connection.createSession(Boolean.FALSE,Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
//创建Topic
Topic topic = session.createTopic("FirstTopic");
producer = session.createProducer(topic);
producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);
while (true) {
sendMessage(session, producer);
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (null != connection){
connection.close();
}
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
}
}
}
/**
* 发送文本消息
* @param session
* @param producer
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void sendMessage(Session session, MessageProducer producer)
throws Exception {
TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("ActiveMq 发送的消息_"+System.currentTimeMillis());
// 发送消息到目的地方
producer.send(message);
System.out.println("发送消息:" + message.getText());
}
}
package com.activemq.many;
import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import javax.jms.Topic;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import com.activemq.util.Constants;
/**
* 订阅者
*
* @author Dwen
* @version v 0.1 2014-1-22 下午05:10:57
*/
public class Subscribers {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 连接工厂
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
// 连接
Connection connection = null;
// 会话
Session session;
// 消费者
MessageConsumer consumer;
connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(
ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,
ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD, Constants.BROKER_URL);
try {
// 构造从工厂得到连接对象
connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
// 启动
connection.start();
// 获取操作连接
session = connection.createSession(Boolean.FALSE,
Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
// 创建Topic
Topic topic = session.createTopic("FirstTopic");
consumer = session.createConsumer(topic);
consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
TextMessage message2 = (TextMessage) message;
try {
System.out.println("收到消息:" + message2.getText());
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// finally {
// try {
// if (null != connection) {
// connection.close();
// }
// } catch (Throwable ignore) {
// }
// }
}
}
ActiveMQ访问安全问题,如果不进行安全访问,任何人只有知道activeqm的地址就可以访问。限制如下:
修改ActiveMQ管理页面密码在jetty-realm.properties文件中修改,里面有相应格式为:用户名:密码,角色
客户端访问安全设置:
1、在credentials.properties文件中设置用户名和密码。通过credentials-enc.properties可以用户名密码进行加密,官方
文档地址:http://activemq.apache.org/encrypted-passwords.html
activemq.username=system
activemq.password=manager
user.username=user
user.password=password
guest.username=guest
guest.password=password
2、在activemq.xml文件systemUsage标签之前加上
<plugins>
<simpleAuthenticationPlugin>
<users>
<authenticationUser username="${activemq.username}" password="${activemq.password}"
groups="users,admins"/>
<authenticationUser username="${user.username}" password="${user.password}"
groups="users"/>
<authenticationUser username="${guest.username}" password="${guest.password}" groups="guests"/>
<!--<authenticationUser username="system" password="manager"
groups="users,admins"/>
<authenticationUser username="user" password="password"
groups="users"/>
<authenticationUser username="guest" password="password" groups="guests"/> -->
</users>
</simpleAuthenticationPlugin>
<!-- use JAAS to authenticate using the login.config file on the classpath to configure JAAS -->
<jaasAuthenticationPlugin configuration="activemq" />
<!-- lets configure a destination based authorization mechanism -->
<authorizationPlugin>
<map>
<authorizationMap>
<authorizationEntries>
<authorizationEntry queue=">" read="admins" write="admins" admin="admins" />
<authorizationEntry queue="USERS.>" read="users" write="users" admin="users" />
<authorizationEntry queue="GUEST.>" read="guests" write="guests,users" admin="guests,users" />
<authorizationEntry topic=">" read="admins" write="admins" admin="admins" />
<authorizationEntry topic="USERS.>" read="users" write="users" admin="users" />
<authorizationEntry topic="GUEST.>" read="guests" write="guests,users" admin="guests,users" />
<authorizationEntry topic="ActiveMQ.Advisory.>" read="guests,users" write="guests,users" admin="guests,users"/>
</authorizationEntries>
<!-- let's assign roles to temporary destinations. comment this entry if we don't want any roles assigned to temp destinations -->
<tempDestinationAuthorizationEntry>
<tempDestinationAuthorizationEntry read="tempDestinationAdmins" write="tempDestinationAdmins" admin="tempDestinationAdmins"/>
</tempDestinationAuthorizationEntry>
</authorizationMap>
</map>
</authorizationPlugin>
</plugins>
3、在users.properties文件中设置用户名和密码
system=manager
user=password
guest=password
在groups.properties文件中设置组,设置允许的权限组才会有相应的访问权限
admins=system,user,guest
login.config文件配置中指定了users.properties和groups.properties
设置了用户名和密码就可以进行安全限制访问了。
配置过程中问题:
出现:activemq javax.security.auth.login.LoginException: 没有为 activemq-domain 配置LoginModules。是因为activemq.xml文件中<jaasAuthenticationPlugin configuration="activemq" />configuration指定的名字与conf/login.config文件中的名称不一致。
接下来要讨论以下两个问题:持久化问题和集群问题。
讨论下ActiveMQ持久化问题,由于保证信息在异常情况下没有发送出去,导致信息丢失的情况。消息服务器发送消息前先进行持久化,如果消息成功发送出去了,根据返回的消息来是否删除持久化消息,返回成功消息则删除持久化信息,反之,则异常恢复正常后继续发送,直到成功为止。
待续。。。。。。
研究完如何使用后,最后要研究下源码的实现。