享元模式

1. 运用共享技术有效地支持大量细粒度的对象。简单来说，享元模式可以通过共享的方式避免创建出大量的对象，减少程序的内存损耗。

2. 内部状态与外部状态： 在享元对象内部并且不会随环境改变而改变的共享部分，可以称为是享元对象的内部状态，而随环境改变而改变的、不可以共享的状态就是外部状态。

3. 享元模式的通用示例：

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/5 19:14
 * @description  抽象享元类
 */
public abstract class FlyWeight {
	// 内部状态
	private String innerProperty;
	// 外部状态
	private final String outerProperty;

	public FlyWeight(String outerProperty){
		this.outerProperty = outerProperty;
	}

	public abstract void operation();

	public String getInnerProperty() {
		return innerProperty;
	}

	public void setInnerProperty(String innerProperty) {
		this.innerProperty = innerProperty;
	}
}

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/5 19:17
 * @description 具体享元类
 */
public class ConcreteFlyWeight extends FlyWeight{

	public ConcreteFlyWeight(String outerProperty) {
		super(outerProperty);
	}

	@Override
	public void operation() {
		System.out.println("ConcreteFlyWeight operation...");
	}
}

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/5 19:17
 * @description 具体享元类（不支持共享）
 */
public class UnSharedConcreteFlyWeight extends FlyWeight{

	public UnSharedConcreteFlyWeight(String outerProperty) {
		super(outerProperty);
	}

	@Override
	public void operation() {
		System.out.println("ConcreteFlyWeight operation...");
	}
}

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/5 19:20
 * @description 享元工厂
 */
public class FlyWeightFactory {
	private Map<String, FlyWeight> flyWeightMap = new HashMap<>();

	public FlyWeight getFlyWeight(String key){
		if (flyWeightMap.containsKey(key)) {
			return flyWeightMap.get(key);
		}else {
			ConcreteFlyWeight concreteFlyWeight = new ConcreteFlyWeight(key);
			flyWeightMap.put(key,concreteFlyWeight);
			return concreteFlyWeight;
		}
	}

	public int size(){
		return flyWeightMap.size();
	}
}

/**
 * @author beck.yang
 * @date 2022/7/5 19:24
 * @description   享元模式
 */
public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		FlyWeightFactory factory = new FlyWeightFactory();
		factory.getFlyWeight("A");
		factory.getFlyWeight("A");
		factory.getFlyWeight("B");
		factory.getFlyWeight("B");

		System.out.println(factory.size());
	}
}