C# Socket连接请求超时机制

您可能注意到了，.Net的System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient和 System.Net.Sockets.Socket都没有直接为Connect/BeginConnect提供超时控制机制。因此，当服务器未处于监听 状态，或者发生网络故障时，客户端连接请求会被迫等待很长一段时间，直到抛出异常。默认的等待时间长达20~30s。.Net Socket库的SocketOptionName.SendTimeout提供了控制发送数据的超时时间，但并非本文讨论的连接请求的超时时间。

class TimeOutSocket
{
    private static bool IsConnectionSuccessful = false;
    private static Exception socketexception;
    private static ManualResetEvent TimeoutObject = new ManualResetEvent(false);

    public static TcpClient Connect(IPEndPoint remoteEndPoint, int timeoutMSec)
    {
        TimeoutObject.Reset();
        socketexception = null; 

        string serverip = Convert.ToString(remoteEndPoint.Address);
        int serverport = remoteEndPoint.Port;          
        TcpClient tcpclient = new TcpClient();
       
        tcpclient.BeginConnect(serverip, serverport,
            new AsyncCallback(CallBackMethod), tcpclient);

        if (TimeoutObject.WaitOne(timeoutMSec, false))
        {
            if (IsConnectionSuccessful)
            {
                return tcpclient;
            }
            else
            {
                throw socketexception;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            tcpclient.Close();
            throw new TimeoutException("TimeOut Exception");
        }
    }
    private static void CallBackMethod(IAsyncResult asyncresult)
    {
        try
        {
            IsConnectionSuccessful = false;
            TcpClient tcpclient = asyncresult.AsyncState as TcpClient;
            
            if (tcpclient.Client != null)
            {
                tcpclient.EndConnect(asyncresult);
                IsConnectionSuccessful = true;
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            IsConnectionSuccessful = false;
            socketexception = ex;
        }
        finally
        {
            TimeoutObject.Set();
        }
    }
}

这 里，ManualResetEvent的WaitOne(TimeSpan, Boolean)起到了主要的作用。它将阻止当前线程，直到ManualResetEvent对象被Set或者超过timeout时间。上面的代码中，调 用BeginConnect后通过WaitOne方法阻止当前线程，如果在timeoutMSec时间内连接成功，将在CallBackMethod回调 中调用TimeoutObject.Set，解除被阻塞的连接线程并返回；否则，连接线程会在等待超时后，主动关闭连接并抛出 TimeoutException。