抽象类没抽象方法的例子

都知道抽象类可以没有抽象方法,这时的抽象类和普通类的最大差别就是不能实例化.一直没找到在什么环境下用到这种特殊的抽象类.最近看了jdk的I/O包后,发现里面有个很好的例子,就是FilterReader类.以下是FilterReader的代码:

 

public abstract class FilterReader extends Reader ...{

 

 /** *//**

 * The underlying character-input stream.

 */

 protected Reader in;

 

 /** *//**

 * Create a new filtered reader.

 *

 * @param in a Reader object providing the underlying stream.

 * @throws NullPointerException if <code>in</code> is <code>null</code>

 */

 protected FilterReader(Reader in) ...{

 super(in);

 this.in = in;

 }

 

 /** *//**

 * Read a single character.

 *

 * @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs

 */

 public int read() throws IOException ...{

 return in.read();

 }

 

 /** *//**

 * Read characters into a portion of an array.

 *

 * @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs

 */

 public int read(char cbuf[], int off, int len) throws IOException ...{

 return in.read(cbuf, off, len);

 }

 

 /** *//**

 * Skip characters.

 *

 * @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs

 */

 public long skip(long n) throws IOException ...{

 return in.skip(n);

 }

 

 /** *//**

 * Tell whether this stream is ready to beread.

 *

 * @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs

 */

 public boolean ready() throws IOException ...{

 return in.ready();

 }

 

 /** *//**

 * Tell whether this stream supports the mark()operation.

 */

 public boolean markSupported() ...{

 return in.markSupported();

 }

 

 /** *//**

 * Mark the present position in the stream.

 *

 * @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs

 */

 public void mark(int readAheadLimit) throws IOException ...{

 in.mark(readAheadLimit);

 }

 

 /** *//**

 * Reset the stream.

 *

 * @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs

 */

 public void reset() throws IOException ...{

 in.reset();

 }

 

 /** *//**

 * Close the stream.

 *

 * @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs

 */

 public void close() throws IOException ...{

 in.close();

 }

 

}

可以看到FilterReader就是一个没有抽象方法的抽象类,里面的每个方法都是调用构造函数传入的Reader对象的方法.这种抽象类你不能实例化它,因为实例化它没意义,它还没实现任何Filter的功能.在extends具体子类时实现Filter功能,实例化相应的子类才有实际意义.

 

我们可以写FilterReader的一个具体子类如下:

 

/***//**

 * FilterReader是一个抽象类,不能实例化该类,FilterReader类的每个方法都是实现的,

 * 里面调用的都是FilterReader(Reader in)的传入参数in的方法.

 */

public class UppercaseConvertor extends FilterReader...{

 // 构造方法由FilterReader的protected上升到public的

 public UppercaseConvertor(Reader in) ...{

 super(in);

 }

 

 @Override

 public int read() throws IOException...{

 int c = super.read();

 return (-1==c?c:Character.toUpperCase((char)c));

 }

 

 @Override

 public int read(char[] buf,int offset, int count) throws IOException...{

 int nread = super.read(buf, offset, count);

 int last = offset + nread;

 for(int i=0;i<last;i++)

 buf[i] = Character.toUpperCase(buf[i]);

 return nread;

 }

 

 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException ...{

 UppercaseConvertor uc = new UppercaseConvertor(new FileReader("d:\log.txt"));

 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(uc);

 String r;

 while(null!=(r=br.readLine()))...{

 System.out.println(r);

 }

 }

}