使用自然语言接口探索Memgraph数据库 —— 快速入门指南

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-28 10:36:41 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-28 10:36:41 发布

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# 使用自然语言接口探索Memgraph数据库 —— 快速入门指南

## 引言

Memgraph是一个开源图数据库，兼容Neo4j，采用声明性图查询语言Cypher。本文将指导您如何利用大语言模型（LLM）为Memgraph数据库提供自然语言接口，帮助您通过自然语言进行数据查询。

## 主要内容

### 设置环境

要完成本教程，您需要安装Docker和Python 3.x，并确保Memgraph实例正在运行。可以通过以下步骤快速运行Memgraph平台：

- **Linux/MacOS:**
  ```shell
  curl https://install.memgraph.com | sh

Windows:
```
iwr https://windows.memgraph.com | iex
```

这些命令将下载Docker Compose文件，并在两个独立的容器中启动memgraph-mage和memgraph-lab服务。

安装必要的包

使用pip安装需要的Python包：

pip install langchain langchain-openai neo4j gqlalchemy --user

在代码中导入这些包：

import os
from gqlalchemy import Memgraph
from langchain.chains import GraphCypherQAChain
from langchain_community.graphs import MemgraphGraph
from langchain_core.prompts import PromptTemplate
from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI

连接和填充数据库

使用GQLAlchemy连接Memgraph数据库：

memgraph = Memgraph(host="127.0.0.1", port=7687)

使用Cypher语言填充数据库：

query = """
    MERGE (g:Game {name: "Baldur's Gate 3"})
    WITH g, ["PlayStation 5", "Mac OS", "Windows", "Xbox Series X/S"] AS platforms,
            ["Adventure", "Role-Playing Game", "Strategy"] AS genres
    FOREACH (platform IN platforms |
        MERGE (p:Platform {name: platform})
        MERGE (g)-[:AVAILABLE_ON]->(p)
    )
    FOREACH (genre IN genres |
        MERGE (gn:Genre {name: genre})
        MERGE (g)-[:HAS_GENRE]->(gn)
    )
    MERGE (p:Publisher {name: "Larian Studios"})
    MERGE (g)-[:PUBLISHED_BY]->(p);
"""
memgraph.execute(query)

构建自然语言接口

配置OpenAI API密钥：

os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = "your-key-here"

创建图查询链：

graph = MemgraphGraph(url="bolt://localhost:7687", username="", password="")
chain = GraphCypherQAChain.from_llm(
    ChatOpenAI(temperature=0), graph=graph, verbose=True, model_name="gpt-3.5-turbo"
)

开始提问：

response = chain.run("Which platforms is Baldur's Gate 3 available on?")
print(response)

代码示例

以下是完整的代码示例，用于查询某个游戏的可用平台：

# 使用API代理服务提高访问稳定性
memgraph = Memgraph(host="127.0.0.1", port=7687)

query = """
    MERGE (g:Game {name: "Baldur's Gate 3"})
    WITH g, ["PlayStation 5", "Mac OS", "Windows", "Xbox Series X/S"] AS platforms,
            ["Adventure", "Role-Playing Game", "Strategy"] AS genres
    FOREACH (platform IN platforms |
        MERGE (p:Platform {name: platform})
        MERGE (g)-[:AVAILABLE_ON]->(p)
    )
    FOREACH (genre IN genres |
        MERGE (gn:Genre {name: genre})
        MERGE (g)-[:HAS_GENRE]->(gn)
    )
    MERGE (p:Publisher {name: "Larian Studios"})
    MERGE (g)-[:PUBLISHED_BY]->(p);
"""
memgraph.execute(query)

graph = MemgraphGraph(url="bolt://localhost:7687", username="", password="")
chain = GraphCypherQAChain.from_llm(
    ChatOpenAI(temperature=0), graph=graph, verbose=True, model_name="gpt-3.5-turbo"
)

response = chain.run("Which platforms is Baldur's Gate 3 available on?")
print(response)