主要用于建立自己使用的cluster和个人PC之间的登录。
此外根据个人经验,SSH无密码登录在配置分布式系统(例如Hadoop和parallel databases)时往往都是第一个步骤。(除非配置的是单机盘,用IP地址处用localhost就可以搞定)。网上搜了集中方法,觉得这种方法是最好用的。
The following steps can be used to ssh from one system to another without specifying a password.
Notes:
- The system from which the ssh session is started via the ssh command is the client.
- The system that the ssh session connects to is the server.
- These steps seem to work on systems running OpenSSH.
- The steps assume that a DSA key is being used. To use a RSA key substitute 'rsa' for 'dsa'.
- The steps assume that you are using a Bourne-like shell (sh, ksh or bash)
- Some of this information came from:
http://www.der-keiler.de/Mailing-Lists/securityfocus/Secure_Shell/2002-12/0083.html
Steps:
-
On the client run the following commands:
$ mkdir -p $HOME/.ssh $ chmod 0700 $HOME/.ssh $ ssh-keygen -t dsa -f $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa -P ''
This should result in two files, $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa (private key) and $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa.pub (public key). -
Copy $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa.pub to the server.
-
On the server run the following commands:
$ cat id_dsa.pub >> $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys2 $ chmod 0600 $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys2
Depending on the version of OpenSSH the following commands may also be required:$ cat id_dsa.pub >> $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys $ chmod 0600 $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys
An alternative is to create a link from authorized_keys2 to authorized_keys:$ cd $HOME/.ssh && ln -s authorized_keys2 authorized_keys
-
On the client test the results by ssh'ing to the server:
$ ssh -i $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa server
-
(Optional) Add the following $HOME/.ssh/config on the client:
Host server IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_dsa
This allows ssh access to the server without having to specify the path to the id_dsa file as an argument to ssh each time.