（一）Spring框架学习--IOC/DI

Spring是一个基于IOC和AOP的结构JAVAEE系统的框架

IOC 反转控制 是Spring的基础，Inversion Of Control简单说就是创建对象由以前的程序员自己new 构造方法来调用，变成了交由Spring创建对象
DI 依赖注入 Dependency Inject. 简单地说就是拿到的对象的属性，已经被注入好相关值了，直接使用即可。

练习代码

maven依赖（建立maven工程，向pom里倒入下列依赖）

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aspects -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-tx -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

package cn.why.pojo;

/**
 * Title:           Category
 * Description:
 * Company:         AceGear
 * Author:          henrywang
 * Date:            2018/8/2
 * JDK:             8
 * Encoding:        UTF-8
 */
public class Category {
    private int id;
    private String name;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

package cn.why.pojo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

/**
 * Title:           Product
 * Description:
 * Company:         AceGear
 * Author:          henrywang
 * Date:            2018/8/2
 * JDK:             8
 * Encoding:        UTF-8
 */
public class Product {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @Autowired
    private Category category;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }

    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

package cn.why.test;

import cn.why.pojo.Category;
import cn.why.pojo.Product;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * Title:           TestSpring
 * Description:
 * Company:         AceGear
 * Author:          henrywang
 * Date:            2018/8/2
 * JDK:             8
 * Encoding:        UTF-8
 */
public class TestSpring {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"applicationContext1.xml"});
        Category c = (Category) context.getBean("c");
        System.out.println(c.getId()+"  ::  "+c.getName());
        System.out.println("=============");
        Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
        System.out.println(p.getId()+" "+p.getName()+" "+p.getCategory().getId()+" "+p.getCategory().getName());
    }

}

applicationContext1.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:annotation-config/>
    <bean name="c" class="cn.why.pojo.Category">
        <property name="name" value="category 1"/>
        <property name="id" value="10"/>
    </bean>

    <bean name="p" class="cn.why.pojo.Product">
        <property name="name" value="product1"/>
        <!--<property name="category" ref="c"/>-->
    </bean>
</beans>

整体结构图（隐藏部分为暂时用不到的部分）

 先无脑运行上述代码，输出为

10  ::  category 1
=============
0 product1 10 category 1

问题一：IOC与传统创建对象的方式有何区别

传统方式   Category c = new Category();

IOC           Category c = (Spring产生)

打个比喻：
传统方式：相当于你自己去菜市场new 了一只鸡，不过是生鸡，要自己拔毛，去内脏，再上花椒，酱油，烤制，经过各种工序之后，才可以食用。
用 IOC：相当于去馆子(Spring)点了一只鸡，交到你手上的时候，已经五味俱全，你就只管吃就行了。

 

问题二：DI与传统赋值取值有何区别

传统方式  Category c = new Category();

                 c.setXX();

                 c.getXX();

DI             赋值方式在applicationContext里键入

                 取值方式            Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");

                    System.out.println(p.getName());