spring 动态 多数据源 数据库 （datasource ）配置

项目中我们经常会遇到多数据源的问题，尤其是数据同步或定时任务等项目更是如此。多数据源让人最头痛的，不是配置多个数据源，而是如何能灵活动态的切换数据源。例如在一个spring和hibernate的框架的项目中，我们在spring配置中往往是配置一个dataSource来连接数据库，然后绑定给sessionFactory，在dao层代码中再指定sessionFactory来进行数据库操作。

正如上图所示，每一块都是指定绑死的，如果是多个数据源，也只能是下图中那种方式。

可看出在Dao层代码中写死了两个SessionFactory，这样日后如果再多一个数据源，还要改代码添加一个SessionFactory，显然这并不符合开闭原则。

那么正确的做法应该是

代码如下：

1. applicationContext.xml

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
4.     xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"  
5.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
6.     xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"  
7.     xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"  
8.     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:oxm="http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm"  
9.     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"  
10.     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"  
11.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd    
12.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd    
13.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd    
14.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd    
15.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd    
16.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.1.xsd    
17.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-3.1.xsd    
18.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.1.xsd    
19.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd    
20.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm/spring-oxm-3.1.xsd    
21.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd    
22.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd    
23.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd">  
24.   
25.     <context:annotation-config />  
26.   
27.     <context:component-scan base-package="com"></context:component-scan>  
28.   
29.     <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
30.         <property name="locations">  
31.             <list>  
32.                 <value>classpath:com/resource/config.properties</value>  
33.             </list>  
34.         </property>  
35.     </bean>  
36.   
37.     <bean id="dataSourceOne" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"  
38.         destroy-method="close">  
39.         <property name="driverClass" value="${dbOne.jdbc.driverClass}" />  
40.         <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${dbOne.jdbc.url}" />  
41.         <property name="user" value="${dbOne.jdbc.user}" />  
42.         <property name="password" value="${dbOne.jdbc.password}" />  
43.         <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${dbOne.jdbc.initialPoolSize}" />  
44.         <property name="minPoolSize" value="${dbOne.jdbc.minPoolSize}" />  
45.         <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${dbOne.jdbc.maxPoolSize}" />  
46.     </bean>  
47.   
48.     <bean id="dataSourceTwo" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"  
49.         destroy-method="close">  
50.         <property name="driverClass" value="${dbTwo.jdbc.driverClass}" />  
51.         <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${dbTwo.jdbc.url}" />  
52.         <property name="user" value="${dbTwo.jdbc.user}" />  
53.         <property name="password" value="${dbTwo.jdbc.password}" />  
54.         <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${dbTwo.jdbc.initialPoolSize}" />  
55.         <property name="minPoolSize" value="${dbTwo.jdbc.minPoolSize}" />  
56.         <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${dbTwo.jdbc.maxPoolSize}" />  
57.     </bean>  
58.   
59.     <bean id="dynamicDataSource" class="com.core.DynamicDataSource">  
60.         <property name="targetDataSources">  
61.             <map key-type="java.lang.String">  
62.                 <entry value-ref="dataSourceOne" key="dataSourceOne"></entry>  
63.                 <entry value-ref="dataSourceTwo" key="dataSourceTwo"></entry>  
64.             </map>  
65.         </property>  
66.         <property name="defaultTargetDataSource" ref="dataSourceOne">  
67.         </property>  
68.     </bean>  
69.   
70.     <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
71.         <property name="dataSource" ref="dynamicDataSource" />  
72.         <property name="hibernateProperties">  
73.             <props>  
74.                 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>  
75.                 <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.SpringSessionContext</prop>  
76.                 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</prop>  
77.                 <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  
78.                 <prop key="hbm2ddl.auto">create</prop>  
79.             </props>  
80.         </property>  
81.         <property name="packagesToScan">  
82.             <list>  
83.                 <value>com.po</value>  
84.             </list>  
85.         </property>  
86.     </bean>  
87.   
88.     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">  
89.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
90.     </bean>  
91.   
92.     <aop:config>  
93.         <aop:pointcut id="transactionPointCut" expression="execution(* com.dao..*.*(..))" />  
94.         <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="transactionPointCut" />  
95.     </aop:config>  
96.   
97.     <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">  
98.         <tx:attributes>  
99.             <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
100.             <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
101.             <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
102.             <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
103.             <tx:method name="*" read-only="true" />  
104.         </tx:attributes>  
105.     </tx:advice>  
106.   
107.     <aop:config>  
108.         <aop:aspect id="dataSourceAspect" ref="dataSourceInterceptor">  
109.             <aop:pointcut id="daoOne" expression="execution(* com.dao.one.*.*(..))" />  
110.             <aop:pointcut id="daoTwo" expression="execution(* com.dao.two.*.*(..))" />  
111.             <aop:before pointcut-ref="daoOne" method="setdataSourceOne" />  
112.             <aop:before pointcut-ref="daoTwo" method="setdataSourceTwo" />  
113.         </aop:aspect>  
114.     </aop:config>  
115. </beans>  

2. DynamicDataSource.class

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1. package com.core;  
2.   
3. import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;  
4.   
5. public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource{  
6.   
7.     @Override  
8.     protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {  
9.         return DatabaseContextHolder.getCustomerType();   
10.     }  
11.   
12. }  

3. DatabaseContextHolder.class

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1. package com.core;  
2.   
3. public class DatabaseContextHolder {  
4.   
5.     private static final ThreadLocal<String> contextHolder = new ThreadLocal<String>();  
6.   
7.     public static void setCustomerType(String customerType) {  
8.         contextHolder.set(customerType);  
9.     }  
10.   
11.     public static String getCustomerType() {  
12.         return contextHolder.get();  
13.     }  
14.   
15.     public static void clearCustomerType() {  
16.         contextHolder.remove();  
17.     }  
18. }  

4. DataSourceInterceptor.class

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1. package com.core;  
2.   
3. import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;  
4. import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;  
5.   
6. @Component  
7. public class DataSourceInterceptor {  
8.   
9.     public void setdataSourceOne(JoinPoint jp) {  
10.         DatabaseContextHolder.setCustomerType("dataSourceOne");  
11.     }  
12.       
13.     public void setdataSourceTwo(JoinPoint jp) {  
14.         DatabaseContextHolder.setCustomerType("dataSourceTwo");  
15.     }  
16. }  

5. po实体类

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1. package com.po;  
2.   
3. import javax.persistence.Column;  
4. import javax.persistence.Entity;  
5. import javax.persistence.Id;  
6. import javax.persistence.Table;  
7.   
8. @Entity  
9. @Table(name = "BTSF_BRAND", schema = "hotel")  
10. public class Brand {  
11.   
12.     private String id;  
13.     private String names;  
14.     private String url;  
15.   
16.     @Id  
17.     @Column(name = "ID", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 10)  
18.     public String getId() {  
19.         return this.id;  
20.     }  
21.   
22.     public void setId(String id) {  
23.         this.id = id;  
24.     }  
25.   
26.     @Column(name = "NAMES", nullable = false, length = 50)  
27.     public String getNames() {  
28.         return this.names;  
29.     }  
30.   
31.     public void setNames(String names) {  
32.         this.names = names;  
33.     }  
34.   
35.     @Column(name = "URL", length = 200)  
36.     public String getUrl() {  
37.         return this.url;  
38.     }  
39.   
40.     public void setUrl(String url) {  
41.         this.url = url;  
42.     }  
43. }  

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1. package com.po;  
2.   
3. import javax.persistence.Column;  
4. import javax.persistence.Entity;  
5. import javax.persistence.Id;  
6. import javax.persistence.Table;  
7.   
8. @Entity  
9. @Table(name = "CITY", schema = "car")  
10. public class City {  
11.   
12.     private Integer id;  
13.       
14.     private String name;  
15.   
16.     @Id  
17.     @Column(name = "ID", unique = true, nullable = false)  
18.     public Integer getId() {  
19.         return id;  
20.     }  
21.   
22.     public void setId(Integer id) {  
23.         this.id = id;  
24.     }  
25.   
26.     @Column(name = "NAMES", nullable = false, length = 50)  
27.     public String getName() {  
28.         return name;  
29.     }  
30.   
31.     public void setName(String name) {  
32.         this.name = name;  
33.     }  
34. }  

6. BrandDaoImpl.class

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1. package com.dao.one;  
2.   
3. import java.util.List;  
4.   
5. import javax.annotation.Resource;  
6.   
7. import org.hibernate.Query;  
8. import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
9. import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;  
10.   
11. import com.po.Brand;  
12.   
13. @Repository  
14. public class BrandDaoImpl implements IBrandDao {  
15.   
16.     @Resource  
17.     protected SessionFactory sessionFactory;  
18.   
19.     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
20.     @Override  
21.     public List<Brand> findAll() {  
22.         String hql = "from Brand";  
23.         Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);  
24.         return query.list();  
25.     }  
26. }  

7. CityDaoImpl.class

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1. package com.dao.two;  
2.   
3. import java.util.List;  
4.   
5. import javax.annotation.Resource;  
6.   
7. import org.hibernate.Query;  
8. import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
9. import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;  
10.   
11. import com.po.City;  
12.   
13. @Repository  
14. public class CityDaoImpl implements ICityDao {  
15.   
16.     @Resource  
17.     private SessionFactory sessionFactory;  
18.   
19.     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
20.     @Override  
21.     public List<City> find() {  
22.         String hql = "from City";  
23.         Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);  
24.         return query.list();  
25.     }  
26. }  

8. DaoTest.class

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1. package com.test;  
2.   
3. import java.util.List;  
4.   
5. import javax.annotation.Resource;  
6.   
7. import org.junit.Test;  
8. import org.junit.runner.RunWith;  
9. import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;  
10. import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;  
11. import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;  
12.   
13. import com.dao.one.IBrandDao;  
14. import com.dao.two.ICityDao;  
15. import com.po.Brand;  
16. import com.po.City;  
17.   
18. @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)  
19. @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:com/resource/applicationContext.xml")  
20. @TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager", defaultRollback = false)  
21. public class DaoTest {  
22.   
23.     @Resource  
24.     private IBrandDao brandDao;  
25.   
26.     @Resource  
27.     private ICityDao cityDao;  
28.   
29.     @Test  
30.     public void testList() {  
31.         List<Brand> brands = brandDao.findAll();  
32.         System.out.println(brands.size());  
33.   
34.         List<City> cities = cityDao.find();  
35.         System.out.println(cities.size());  
36.     }  
37. }  

利用aop，达到动态更改数据源的目的。当需要增加数据源的时候，我们只需要在applicationContext配置文件中添加aop配置，新建个DataSourceInterceptor即可。而不需要更改任何代码。

reference doc: http://blog.csdn.net/wangpeng047/article/details/8866239