leetcode799. Champagne Tower(python3)

leetcode799. Champagne Tower(python3)

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原题地址：https://leetcode.com/problems/champagne-tower/

题目

We stack glasses in a pyramid, where the first row has 1 glass, the second row has 2 glasses, and so on until the 100th row. Each glass holds one cup (250ml) of champagne.

Then, some champagne is poured in the first glass at the top. When the top most glass is full, any excess liquid poured will fall equally to the glass immediately to the left and right of it. When those glasses become full, any excess champagne will fall equally to the left and right of those glasses, and so on. (A glass at the bottom row has it’s excess champagne fall on the floor.)

For example, after one cup of champagne is poured, the top most glass is full. After two cups of champagne are poured, the two glasses on the second row are half full. After three cups of champagne are poured, those two cups become full - there are 3 full glasses total now. After four cups of champagne are poured, the third row has the middle glass half full, and the two outside glasses are a quarter full, as pictured below.

Now after pouring some non-negative integer cups of champagne, return how full the j-th glass in the i-th row is (both i and j are 0 indexed.)

Example 1:
Input: poured = 1, query_glass = 1, query_row = 1
Output: 0.0
Explanation: We poured 1 cup of champange to the top glass of the tower (which is indexed as (0, 0)). There will be no excess liquid so all the glasses under the top glass will remain empty.

Example 2:
Input: poured = 2, query_glass = 1, query_row = 1
Output: 0.5
Explanation: We poured 2 cups of champange to the top glass of the tower (which is indexed as (0, 0)). There is one cup of excess liquid. The glass indexed as (1, 0) and the glass indexed as (1, 1) will share the excess liquid equally, and each will get half cup of champange.

Note:

• poured will be in the range of [0, 10 ^ 9].
• query_glass and query_row will be in the range of [0, 99].

分析

本题的思想是动态规划（dynamic programming），对于每一杯水的流量，只需要考虑与它相邻的上一层水杯的流量（或者说对于每一杯水的流量，都可以向下平分它本身的流量减1的流量）。

代码

class Solution:
    def champagneTower(self, poured, query_row, query_glass):
        """
        :type poured: int
        :type query_row: int
        :type query_glass: int
        :rtype: float
        """
        pyramid = [[0 for i in range(j)] for j in range(1, query_row + 2)]#初始化
        pyramid[0][0] = poured #从最顶端的杯子开始倒，它的流量为poured
        for i in range(query_row):
            for j in range(len(pyramid[i])):
                if pyramid[i][j] > 1:
                    pyramid[i+1][j] += (pyramid[i][j] - 1) / 2    #平分流量
                    pyramid[i+1][j+1] += (pyramid[i][j] - 1) / 2  #平分流量

        if pyramid[query_row][query_glass] < 1:
            return pyramid[query_row][query_glass]
        else:
            return 1

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