一、什么是MyBatis
MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架,它支持自定义 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。MyBatis 免除了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码以及设置参数和获取结果集的工作。MyBatis 可以通过简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原始类型、接口和 Java POJO(Plain Old Java Objects,普通老式 Java 对象)为数据库中的记录
二、Maven 获取MyBatis
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.3</version>
</dependency>
三、什么是数据持久化?
持久化是将程序数据在持久状态和瞬时状态间转换的机制。
即将数据保存到可永久保存的存储设备中。持久化的主要应用是将内存中的对象存储在数据库中,或者存储在磁盘文件中,XML数据文件中等。
JDBC就是一种持久化机制,文件IO也是一种持久化机制
四、为什么需要Mybatis?
主要是简化了jdbc操作,能够更方便的操作数据库
五、MyBatis特点
简单易学:本身就很小且简单。没有任何第三方依赖,最简单安装只要两个jar文件+配置几个sql映射文件易于学习,易于使用,通过文档和源代码,可以比较完全的掌握它的设计思路和实现。
灵活:mybatis不会对应用程序或者数据库的现有设计强加任何影响。 sql写在xml里,便于统一管理和优化。通过sql语句可以满足操作数据库的所有需求。
解除sql与程序代码的耦合:通过提供DAO层,将业务逻辑和数据访问逻辑分离,使系统的设计更清晰,更易维护,更易单元测试。sql和代码的分离,提高了可维护性。
提供映射标签,支持对象与数据库的orm字段关系映射
提供对象关系映射标签,支持对象关系组建维护
提供xml标签,支持编写动态sql。
六、MyBatis环境配置
通过Maven导入依赖, 需要导入的依赖有mysql驱动,mybatis,Junit
<dependencies>
<!--mysql-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.20</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
在Resource 文件夹下 创建 mybatis核心配置文件 :Mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/liuxintong/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
创建一个 uril工具包 , 编写 MyBatisUtils 工具类,用来后去操作数库的对象
package com.liuxintong.util;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;
public class MyBatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
// 静态加载核心配置文件
static{
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
try {
//使用mybatis 获取 SqlSessionFactory 对象
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//SqlSession 完全包含了面向数据库执行SQL命令所需的所有方法.
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
创建 数据库 mybatis
CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;
USE `mybatis`;
CREATE TABLE `user`(
`id` INT(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`password` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
SELECT * FROM `user`;
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES(1,'那展鹏','123456');
在 pojo 文件夹 创建 User 实体类,
package com.liuxintong.pojo;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String password;
public User() {
}
public User(int id, String name, String password) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.password = password;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPwd() {
return password;
}
public void setPwd(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", pwd='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
在创建这个实体类的 dao 名字叫 UserMapper
package com.liuxintong.dao;
import com.liuxintong.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;
public interface UserMapper {
//查询所有数据
List<User> getListUser();
//查询指定id数据
User getUserById(int i);
//添加一个数据
int addUser(User user);
/**假如 我们的实体类或者数据库中的表的字段和数据比较多, 可以使用map集合*/
int addUser2(Map<String,Object> map);
//修改数据
int updateUser(User user);
//删除数据
int deleteUser(int id);}
在实体类dao 的同一包下,创建 UserMapper.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.liuxintong.dao.UserMapper">
<select id="getListUser" resultType="com.liuxintong.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user
</select>
<select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.liuxintong.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
</select>
<!-- 添加 -->
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.liuxintong.pojo.User">
insert into mybatis.user values (#{id},#{name},#{password});
</insert>
<insert id="addUser2" parameterType="map">
insert into mybatis.user (id,name,password) values (#{userId},#{userName},#{userPassword})
</insert>
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.liuxintong.pojo.User">
update mybatis.user set name = #{name},password = #{password} where id = #{id};
</update>
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
delete from mybatis.user where id = #{id};
</delete></mapper>
在创建测试类
package com.liuxintong;
import com.liuxintong.dao.UserMapper;
import com.liuxintong.pojo.User;
import com.liuxintong.util.MyBatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author: Administrator
* @date: 2021-02-06 15:45
* @description:
*/
public class UserMapperTest {
@Test
public void test01(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> listUser = mapper.getListUser();
for(User user : listUser){
System.out.println(user);
}
sqlSession.close();
//org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.liuxintong.dao.UserMapper is not known to the MapperRegistry.
}
@Test
public void getUserById(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user = mapper.getUserById(2);
System.out.println(user);
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void addUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int num = mapper.addUser(new User(5,"张凝","123123"));
if (num > 0){
System.out.println("插入成功!");
}
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void addUser2(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("userId",4);
map.put("userName","董小姐");
map.put("userPassword","123123");
int i = mapper.addUser2(map);
if(i>0){
System.out.println("通过map集合插入成功!");
}
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void updateUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int i = mapper.updateUser(new User(4,"董贤杰","123456"));
if (i>0){
System.out.println("修改成功");
}
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void deleteUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int i = mapper.deleteUser(4);
if(i>0){
System.out.println("删除成功");
}
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
}
这时候报错误了,我们去打开pom.xml 文件 ,添加
<!--在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>