Python个人学习笔记一

一 环境简要说明        

Windows系统下面搭建Python脚本编辑运行环境，所需工具平台如下。

1.1Python 下载官网www.python.org.有2.x和3.x版本。自己选择，语法上略有差异。   

1.2eclipse eclipse-jee-kepler-SR2-win32-x86_64或者eclipse-jee-luna-SR2-win32-x86_64版本。

1.3 Oracle 官网下载jdk jre

1.4 http://www.pydev.org/ 下载插件

具体怎么安装网上一大堆。百度，谷歌即可。

二 辅助工具说明。

本人在win8 64位系统所用python3.4和Eclipse pydev插件搭建构成编辑运行环境。

特别说明一个工具，本人亲测实用。可以将py脚本文件转化为windows系统平台下面的

PE程序。cx_Freeze-4.3.3.win-amd64-py3.4.exe使用此工具在命令行模式下转化。使用前记得环境变量添加。（本人安装在C：\\python34\\scripts\\目录下命令：

C:\Python34\Scripts>pythoncxfreeze -h

Usage: cxfreeze[options] [SCRIPT]

Freeze a Pythonscript and all of its referenced modules to a base

executable which canthen be distributed without requiring a Python

installation.

Options:

  --version             show program's version number andexit

  -h, --help            show this help message and exit

  -O                    optimize generated bytecodeas per PYTHONOPTIMIZE; use

                        -OO in order to removedoc strings

  -c, --compress        compress byte code in zip files

  -s, --silent          suppress all output except warningsand errors

  --base-name=NAME      file on which to base the target file; ifthe name of

                        the file is not anabsolute file name, the

                        subdirectory bases(rooted in the directory in which

                        the freezer is found)will be searched for a file

                        matching the name

  --init-script=NAME    script which will be executed upon startup;if the

                        name of the file is notan absolute file name, the

                        subdirectoryinitscripts (rooted in the directory in

                        which the cx_Freezepackage is found) will be searched

                        for a file matching thename

  --target-dir=DIR, --install-dir=DIR

                        the directory in whichto place the target file and

                        any dependent files

  --target-name=NAME    the name of the file to create instead ofthe base

                        name of the script andthe extension of the base

                        binary

  --no-copy-deps        do not copy the dependent files(extensions, shared

                        libraries, etc.) to thetarget directory; this also

                        modifies the defaultinit script to ConsoleKeepPath.py

                        and means that thetarget executable requires a Python

                        installation to executeproperly

  --default-path=DIRS   list of paths separated by the standard pathseparator

                        for the platform whichwill be used to initialize

                        sys.path prior to running themodule finder

  --include-path=DIRS   list of paths separated by the standard pathseparator

                        for the platform whichwill be used to modify sys.path

                        prior to running themodule finder

  --replace-paths=DIRECTIVES

                        replace all the pathsin modules found in the given

                        paths with the givenreplacement string; multiple

                        values are separated bythe standard path separator

                        and each value is ofthe form path=replacement_string;

                        path can be * whichmeans all paths not already

                        specified

  --include-modules=NAMES

                        comma separated list ofmodules to include

  --exclude-modules=NAMES

                        comma separated list ofmodules to exclude

  --ext-list-file=NAME  name of file in which to place the list ofdependent

                        files which were copied into the targetdirectory

  -z SPEC, --zip-include=SPEC

                        name of file to add tothe zip file or a specification

                        of the formname=arcname which will specify the

                        archive name to use; multiple --zip-includearguments

                        can be used

  --icon=ICON           name of the icon file for theapplication

 

C:\Python34\Scripts>

//使用实例

python cxfreezehello.py --target-dir  DESTDIR //将hello.py文件转化成pe文件。

生成的是一个win32的console控制台程序。要生成窗体程序需要修改setup.py文件。

此文件时安装cx_freeze产生。

import sys

from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable

# Dependencies are automatically detected,but it might need fine tuning.

build_exe_options = {"packages":["os"], "excludes": ["tkinter"]}

# GUI applications require a different baseon Windows (the default is for a

# console application).

base = None

if sys.platform == "win32":

   base = "console"

setup( name = "hello",

       version = "0.1",

       description = "My GUI application!",

       options = {"build_exe": build_exe_options},

       executables = [Executable("hello.py", base=base)])

三 代码测试

  3.1输出

  print ("HELLO WORLD") //单双引号都行

  3.2 输入

  iNum = int(input()) //转化

  3.3 循环

  for i in range(n): //0-----n-1范围

  3.4 函数定义

 

 3.5 类定义

      

四 说明

  Python语言的基本类型属于一种弱类型。在语句块上面，根据换行和回车，对其来严格判断。所以必须严格自己定义的编写的模块。