C++ template 模板 模板别名

直接上一个小例子：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

template<typename T>
using twin = pair<T,T>;

template<typename T>
using scoreNo = pair<T,unsigned>;

int main()
{
    map<string,unsigned> score;
    score.insert ( pair<string,unsigned>("Anna",100) );
    score.insert ( pair<string,unsigned>("Lucy",200) );

    score.insert(scoreNo<string>("Lee",100));//等价于pair<string,unsigned>("Lee",100);
    score.insert(scoreNo<string>("Tom",90));

    //迭代器遍历
    for(auto it = score.begin();it!=score.end();it++){
        cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<it->first<<":"<<it->second<<"分"<<endl;//setiosflag(左对齐)，setw(域宽)
    }
    //for遍历
    for(auto &w:score)
        cout<<setiosflags(ios::left)<<setw(10)<<w.first<<":"<<w.second<<"分"<<endl;

    twin<string> p("1","hello");//这里等价于 pair<string,string> p("1","hello");

    cout<<p.first<<" "<<p.second<<endl;
    return 0;
}