sed 命令二

今天用sed命令向文件中插入一行内容后，结果发现每行内容后多了^M，很是困惑，百度后发现，原来是xml文件是windows上的文件，移到linux上，所以格式是dos的，然后编码格式与unix不太相同。
可以通过命令查看差别。

dos编码：

</beans>[root@Nictalk-8 classes]# cat -A  hessian-server.xml 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>^M$
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"^M$
^Ixmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"^M$
^Ixmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"^M$
^Ixsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans^M$
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd^M$
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd^M$
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd^M$
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"^M$
^Idefault-lazy-init="false">^M$
^M$
^I<!-- Hessian Server -->^M$
^I<bean name="/CootalkAddrbookListService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter">^M$
^I^I<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.xinwei.camtalkgateway.contact.service.CootalkAddrbookListService" />^M$
^I^I<property name="service" ref="cootalkAddrbookListService" />^M$
^I</bean>^M$
^I^M$
^I<bean name="/GroupManagermentFacade" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter">^M$
^I^I<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.xinwei.camtalkgateway.group.facade.GroupManagermentFacade" />^M$
^I^I<property name="service" ref="groupManagermentFacade" />^M$
^I</bean>^M$
^I^M$
^I<bean name="/RemoteFriendService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter">^M$
^I^I<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.xinwei.camtalkgateway.user.service.RemoteFriendService" />^M$
^I^I<property name="service" ref="remoteFriendService" />^M$
^I</bean>^M$
^I^M$
</beans>

unxi编码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>$
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"$
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"$
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"$
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans$
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd$
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd$
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd$
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"$
        default-lazy-init="false">$
$
        <!-- Hessian Client -->$
        <bean id="authService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">$
                <property name="serviceInterface" value="com.xinwei.crm.authcenter.service.AuthService"/>$
        <property name="serviceUrl" value="${authcenter.url}AuthService"/>$
<property name="readTimeout" value="20000" />$
    </bean>$
$
        <bean id="aliDayeSendMsgService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">$
                <property name="serviceInterface" value="com.xinwei.cootel.alidaye.service.AliDayeSendMsgService" />$
                <property name="serviceUrl" value="${alidayu.url}AliDayeSendMsgService" />$
<property name="readTimeout" value="20000" />$
        </bean>$
$
        <bean id="groupManagerService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">$
                <property name="serviceInterface" value="com.xinwei.camtalk.notify.service.GroupManagerService" />$
                <property name="serviceUrl" value="${notify.url}GroupManagerService" />$
<property name="readTimeout" value="20000" />$
        </bean>$
$
        <bean id="redisDBService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">$
                <property name="serviceInterface" value="com.xinwei.redisdb.service.RedisDBService" />$
                <property name="serviceUrl" value="${gps.redis.service}RedisDBService" />$
<property name="readTimeout" value="20000" />$
        </bean>$
$
        <bean id="redisFaceToFaceService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">$
                <property name="serviceInterface" value="com.xinwei.redisdb.service.RedisFaceToFaceService" />$
                <property name="serviceUrl" value="${gps.redis.service}RedisFaceToFaceService" />$
<property name="readTimeout" value="20000" />$
        </bean>$
$
</beans>$

可以看出，两种不同编码的格式，是不同的
可以使用 dos2unix将dos格式的文件转换成unix格式。
centos可以直接yum 安装
，然后可以执行想要的操作。

 find . -name hessian-client.xml | xargs dos2unix
 find . -name hessian-client.xml | xargs sed -i '/<\/bean>/i\<property name="readTimeout" value="20000" />'

找到当前路径下的所有hessian-client.xml，将其格式转换成unix，以免替换后出现^M的东西，
然后，执行在的上一行，添加一条内容。

原文件：
[root@xiaowu shell]# cat -n file
1 aaaa
2 bbbb
3 cccc
4 dddd

现在要在第二行即“bbbb”行的下面添加一行，内容为“xiaowu”
[root@xiaowu shell]# sed ‘/bbbb/a\xiaowu’ file
aaaa
bbbb
xiaowu
cccc
dddd

如果要加两行“xiaowu”可以用一下语句，注意用“\n”换行
[root@xiaowu shell]# sed ‘/bbbb/a\xiaowu\nxiaowu’ file
aaaa
bbbb
xiaowu
xiaowu
cccc
dddd

如果要在第二行即“bbbb”行的上添加一行，内容为“xiaowu”，可以把参数“a”换成“i”
[root@xiaowu shell]# sed ‘/b/i\xiaowu’ file
aaaa
xiaowu
bbbb
cccc
dddd

以上文件中只有一行匹配，如果文件中有两行或者多行匹配，结果有是如何呢？

[root@xiaowu shell]# cat -n file
1 aaaa
2 bbbb
3 cccc
4 bbbb
5 dddd