C++使用模板实现元素的反序

所涉知识点

阅读此文需要掌握的知识点：回调函数，模板类，类模板，栈。

示例代码

这里直接上代码。

#pragma once
#include <Stack>
using namespace std;

typedef void(*PRINTSTACK)(void *);

template<typename T>
class ReverseArray
{
public:
	ReverseArray();
	~ReverseArray();

	void pushStack(T data);
	T getTopStack();
	void popStack();
	int getSizeStack();
	void printStack(void * data, PRINTSTACK print);
private:
	stack<T> m_stack;
};

template<typename T>
inline ReverseArray<T>::ReverseArray()
{
}

template<typename T>
inline ReverseArray<T>::~ReverseArray()
{
}

template<typename T>
inline void ReverseArray<T>::pushStack(T data)
{
	m_stack.push(data);
}

template<typename T>
inline T ReverseArray<T>::getTopStack()
{
	return T(m_stack.top());
}

template<typename T>
inline void ReverseArray<T>::popStack()
{
	m_stack.pop();
}

template<typename T>
inline int ReverseArray<T>::getSizeStack()
{
	return m_stack.size();
}

template<typename T>
inline void ReverseArray<T>::printStack(void* data,PRINTSTACK print)
{
	print(data);
}

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "ReverseArray.h"
using namespace std;

#define CHAR_SIZE 5
#define STRING_SIZE 7
/*
描述：反转数组（任意类型）
*/

typedef struct PERSON 
{
	int age;
	char name[64];
}Person;

void myPrint(void *data)
{
	Person *p = (Person*)data;
	cout << "age;" << p->age << " name:" << p->name << endl;
}

void printString(void * data) 
{
	string str = *((string*)data);
	cout << str << endl;
}

void printChar(void * data) 
{
	char c = *((char*)data);
	cout << c << endl;
}

void test()
{
	ReverseArray<Person> *pStack = new ReverseArray<Person>;

	Person p1 = { 3,"hudf"};
	Person p2 = { 5,"akso"};
	Person p3 = { 7,"及家属的" };
	Person p4 = { 8,"口袋"};
	Person p5 = { 8,"husdh"};
	pStack->pushStack(p1);
	pStack->pushStack(p2);
	pStack->pushStack(p3);
	pStack->pushStack(p4);
	pStack->pushStack(p5);

	while (pStack->getSizeStack() > 0)
	{
		Person data = pStack->getTopStack();
		pStack->printStack((void *)&data,myPrint);
		pStack->popStack();//进出栈操作的是栈顶
	}
	
	cout << "========string array============" << endl;

	ReverseArray<string> *pStringStack = new ReverseArray<string>;
	string array[] = { "tyu","hello","start","wei","come","waht","world"};
	string newArray[STRING_SIZE];
//	cout << array->size() << endl;//这里取第一个字符串中元素的个数
	for (size_t i = 0; i < STRING_SIZE; ++i)
	{
		pStringStack->pushStack(array[i]);
	}
	cout << "stack size:" << pStringStack->getSizeStack() << endl;
	int i = 0;
	while (pStringStack->getSizeStack() > 0)
	{
		string data = pStringStack->getTopStack();
		pStringStack->printStack((void *)&data, printString);
		newArray[i] = data;
		pStringStack->popStack();//进出栈操作的是栈顶
		++i;
	}
	cout << "=============print newArray============" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < STRING_SIZE; ++i)
	{
		cout << newArray[i]<< " ";
	}
	cout << endl;
	cout << "========char array============" << endl;
	ReverseArray<char> *pCharStack = new ReverseArray<char>;
	char charArray[] = {'a','b','c','d','e'};
	char newCharArray[CHAR_SIZE];
	for (size_t i = 0; i < CHAR_SIZE; ++i)
	{
		pCharStack->pushStack(charArray[i]);
	}
	cout << "stack size:" << pCharStack->getSizeStack() << endl;
	int n = 0;
	while (pCharStack->getSizeStack() > 0)
	{
		char data = pCharStack->getTopStack();
		pCharStack->printStack((void *)&data, printChar);
		newCharArray[n] = data;
		pCharStack->popStack();//进出栈操作的是栈顶
		++n;
	}
	cout << "=============print newCharArray============" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < CHAR_SIZE; ++i)
	{
		cout << newCharArray[i] << " ";
	}
	cout << endl;

}
int main()
{
	test();

	return 0; 
}

// 运行程序: Ctrl + F5 或调试 >“开始执行(不调试)”菜单
// 调试程序: F5 或调试 >“开始调试”菜单

// 入门使用技巧: 
//   1. 使用解决方案资源管理器窗口添加/管理文件
//   2. 使用团队资源管理器窗口连接到源代码管理
//   3. 使用输出窗口查看生成输出和其他消息
//   4. 使用错误列表窗口查看错误
//   5. 转到“项目”>“添加新项”以创建新的代码文件，或转到“项目”>“添加现有项”以将现有代码文件添加到项目
//   6. 将来，若要再次打开此项目，请转到“文件”>“打开”>“项目”并选择 .sln 文件

开发环境

vs2017控制台输出程序。

运行结果

注意

类模板的使用需要将类的声明与定义放在.h文件中，因为模板本身是一种不确定的类型，编译器在编译的时候需要在.h文件中去找模板中相应的定义。