随机数生成器

头文件

static const int A=48271;
static const int M=2147483647;
static const int Q=M/A;
static const int R=M%A;
//x[i+1]=Ax[i]modM
class Random
{
public:
    explicit Random(int initialValue=1);//x[0]种子

    int randomInt();
    double random0_1();
    int randomInt(int low,int high);
private:
    int state;

};

#include <chrono>
#include <random>
#include <functional>
using namespace std;

static inline int currentTimeSeconds()
{
    auto now=chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch();
    return (chrono::duration_cast<chrono::seconds>(now)).count();
}

class UniformRandom
{
public:
    UniformRandom(int seed=currentTimeSeconds()):generator(seed){}
    //生成伪随机int
    int nextInt()
    {
        static uniform_int_distribution<unsigned int> distribution;
        return distribution(generator);
    }
    //生成[0,high)之间的伪随机int
    int nextInt(int high)
    {
        return nextInt(0,high-1);
    }
    //生成[low,high]之间的伪随机int
    int nextInt(int low,int high)
    {
        uniform_int_distribution<int> distribution(low,high);
        return distribution(generator);
    }
    //生成[0,1)之间的伪随机double
    double nextDouble()
    {
        static uniform_real_distribution<double> distribution(0,1);
        return distribution(generator);
    }

private:
    mt19937 generator;
};

cpp文件

#include "Random.hpp"

Random::Random(int initialValue)
{
    if(initialValue<0)
        initialValue+=M;
    state=initialValue;
    if(state==0)
        state=1;
}

//由于直接乘法计算会溢出，因此转化成别的形式计算下一个数
int Random::randomInt()
{
    int tmpState=A*(state%Q)-R*(state/Q);

    if(tmpState>=0)
        state=tmpState;
    else
        state=tmpState+M;

    return state;
}

double Random::random0_1()
{
    return static_cast<double>(randomInt())/M;
}

//生成[low,high)之间的随机整数
int Random::randomInt(int low, int high)
{
    return static_cast<int>(random0_1()*(high-low))+low;
}

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "Random.hpp"
#include "UniformRandom.hpp"

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    Random rand(1);
    cout<<rand.randomInt()<<endl;
    cout<<rand.randomInt()<<endl;
    cout<<rand.random0_1();
    cout<<rand.randomInt(2,6)<<endl;
    cout<<rand.randomInt(2,6)<<endl;
    cout<<rand.randomInt(2,6)<<endl;
    cout<<rand.randomInt(2,6)<<endl;
    cout<<rand.randomInt(2,6)<<endl;
    cout<<rand.randomInt(2,6)<<endl;
    cout<<rand.randomInt(2,6)<<endl;
    cout<<rand.randomInt(2,6)<<endl;
    cout<<endl;

    UniformRandom uniRand;
    cout<<uniRand.nextInt()<<endl;
    cout<<uniRand.nextInt(2)<<endl;
    cout<<uniRand.nextInt(0, 1)<<endl;
    cout<<uniRand.nextDouble()<<endl;
}

结果
48271
182605794
0.6013535
5
2
4
3
3
4
2

556515564
0
1
0.595942