Animal a = new Cate(); //Animal是编译时类型,Cate是运行时类型。运行时类型得是编译时类型的子类
引用类型 对象类型
主观类型 客观类型
以子类覆盖了父类的方法为前提
1)运行时类型不变
2)只能对一个引用调用其编译时类型中定义的方法
3)运行时会根据对象的运行时类型找覆盖之后的方法
Animal a = new Cate();
Cate d = new Cate();
a = d; //把子类引用赋值给父类引用,是合法的
d = (Cate)a; //把父类引用赋值给自类引用,需要强转
父类的引用赋值给子类的引用需要强制类型转换 ,而子类的引用赋值给父类的引用不需要强制类型转换
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Cat cat = new Cat();
System.out.println("cat.CHARACTERISTIC = " + cat.CHARACTERISTIC);
System.out.println("cat.getClass() = " + cat.getClass());
System.out.println("cat.name = " + cat.name);
System.out.println("cat.getName() = " + cat.getName());
System.out.println("**********************************************");
Animal animal = (Animal) cat;
System.out.println("animal.CHARACTERISTIC = " + animal.CHARACTERISTIC);
System.out.println("animal.getClass() = " + animal.getClass());
System.out.println("animal.name = " + animal.name);
System.out.println("animal.getName() = " + animal.getName());
}
}
class Animal {
public static String CHARACTERISTIC = "Can not speak.";
public String name = "Animal";
public String getName() {
return name;
}
}
class Cat extends Animal {
public static String CHARACTERISTIC = "Can not speak. Like eat fish.";
public String name = "Cat";
public String getName() {
return name;
}
}
cat.CHARACTERISTIC = Can not speak. Like eat fish.
cat.getClass() = class Cat
cat.name = Cat
cat.getName() = Cat
**********************************************
animal.CHARACTERISTIC = Can not speak.
animal.getClass() = class Cat
animal.name = Animal
animal.getName() = Cat