在Perl中使用Shell命令

Shell Commands vs. Perl Clause

• While there are some occasions that using shell commands from Perl are justified, there are many more when they are not. Decide: use the shell OR use Perl. Mixing them is to encourage inefficiency.
  This is a rough conversion table from UNIX commands to Perl. Please note that there are not always direct single equivalents, and that there are certainly many more that I can't think of (but many others will).

• 
  

  UNIX	Perl	Origin
  .	do	built-in
  awk	perl ;-) (often 'split')	built-in
  basename	File::Basename::basename	Base module
  cat	while(<>){print}	built-in
  	ExtUtils::Command::cat	Base module
  cd	chdir	built-in
  chmod	chmod	built-in
  chown	chown	built-in
  cp	File::Copy	Base module
  	ExtUtils::Command::cp	Base module
  date	localtime	built-in
  	POSIX::strftime	Base module
  declare	see typedef
  df	Filesys::Df	CPAN
  diff	File::Compare	Base module
  dirname	File::Basename::dirname	Base modules
  echo	print	built-in
  egrep	while(<>){print if /re/}	built-in
  eval	eval	built-in
  exec	exec	built-in
  	pipe (co-processes)	built-in
  	open (file descriptors)	built-in
  export	Assign to %ENV	Hash variable
  	Env::C	CPAN
  find	File::Find	Base module
  ftp	Net::Ftp	Base module
  function	sub	built-in
  grep	see egrep
  integer	int	built-in
  kill	kill	built-in
  ln -s	link	built-in
  ls	glob	built-in
  	opendir/readdir/closedir	built-in
  	stat/lstat	built-in
  mkdir	mkdir	built-in
  mkpath	ExtUtils::Command::mkpath	Base module
  mv	rename	built-in
  	ExtUtils::Command::mv	Base module
  od	ord	built-in
  	printf	built-in
  print	print	built-in
  printf	printf	built-in
  rand	rand	built-in
  rm	unlink	built-in
  	ExtUtils::Command::rm	Base module
  rm –f	ExtUtils::Command::rm_rf	Base module
  sed	s/// (usually)	built-in
  select	Shell::POSIX::select	CPAN
  sleep	sleep	built-in
  	alarm	built-in
  sort	sort	built-in
  source	do	built-in
  tail	File::Tail	CPAN
  times	times	built-in
  touch	open()/close()	built-in
  	ExtUtils::Command::touch	Base module
  trap	%SIG	Hash
  	sigtrap	pragma
  typeset	my	built-in
  typeset –i	int	built-in
  typeset –l	lc	built-in
  typeset –u	uc	built-in
  typeset -Z	sprintf	built-in