oracle03

不同数据类型之间的显式转换
  to-char(日期，'日期模式')：把日期型数据转换为字符串
 select ename,to_char(hiredate,'yyyy/MM/DD') from emp
 
 ENAME      TO_CHAR(HI
 ---------- ----------
 SMITH      1980/12/17
 ALLEN      1981/02/20
 WARD       1981/02/22
 JONES      1981/04/02
 ...
   ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

  select ename"Name",sal"Salary",
  to_char(hiredate,'fmDdspth "of" Month Year fmHH:MI:SS: AM')hiredate from emp
 
 Name           Salary HIREDATE
 ----------   -------  ----------------------------------------------------
 SMITH             800 Seventeenth of 12月 Nineteen Eighty 12:00:00: 上午
 ALLEN            1600 Twentieth of 2月 Nineteen Eighty-One 12:00:00: 上午
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to_char(数字，'数字模式')

 select ename"姓名",to_char(sal*12,'l999999.00')"工资" from emp
 
 姓名       工资
 ---------- --------------------
 SMITH                 ￥9600.00
 ALLEN                ￥19200.00

 

to_number(字符串,'模式'):

  select to_number(65464.1616,'9999999999.00000')from dual
 
 TO_NUMBER(65464.1616,'9999999999.00000')
 ----------------------------------------
                               65464.1616

 

to_date(字符串,'模式'):
SELECT TO_DATE('2006-05-01 19:25:34', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') FROM DUAL
 
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空值: 运算符 is null  /  is not null
 
 SQL> select empno,ename,sal,job,comm from emp where comm is null;

      EMPNO ENAME             SAL JOB             COMM
 ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
 7369 SMITH             800 CLERK
 7566 JONES            2975 MANAGER

空值排序：默认的order by 升序，NULL值排最后
      order by desc 降序，NULL值排最前  空值无限大！

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